Are delegated powers the powers that can only be exercised by the National Government? Then, what about expressed powers, implied powers and inherent powers. Do they all fall under the category of expressed powers?
Delegated powers refer to the powers that are specifically granted to the National Government by the United States Constitution. These powers can only be exercised by the National Government and not by the state governments. The delegated powers are outlined in Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution, and they include powers such as the authority to regulate commerce, declare war, coin money, and establish post offices.
Expressed powers, on the other hand, are powers that are explicitly stated in the Constitution. They are also known as enumerated powers because they are listed or "enumerated" in the text. The delegated powers are a subset of the expressed powers, as all delegated powers are expressed powers, but not all expressed powers are delegated powers. This means that some of the expressed powers are given to the National Government, while others are not.
Implied powers are powers that are not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution but are necessary for the National Government to carry out its expressed powers. These powers are derived from the "necessary and proper" clause, also known as the elastic clause, found in Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution. It gives Congress the authority to make all laws necessary and proper to carry out its enumerated powers. Implied powers are not delegated powers, but they are derived from or implied by the delegated powers.
Lastly, inherent powers are powers that belong to the National Government because it is the government of a sovereign state within the international community. These powers are not specifically listed in the Constitution, but they are considered to be necessary for the government to function effectively on the international stage. Examples of inherent powers include the power to negotiate treaties, recognize foreign governments, and defend the nation against threats. Inherent powers are not expressed powers, but they are acknowledged as part of the authority of the National Government.
To recap, while delegated powers are a subset of expressed powers, expressed powers also include powers that may not be delegated but are explicitly stated in the Constitution. Implied powers are derived from the necessary and proper clause, and inherent powers arise from the status of the National Government as a sovereign state.