1. Given the map, the seismograms, the sp graph and the nomogram below, find the epicenter and the intensity of the earthquake.
2. Given the map below find the distance between Sao Paulo (Brazil) and Cape South Africa 10,000,000 years from now. The actual distance between the two cities is right now 3939 in miles and/or 6339 in kilometers. The South American and the African plate are moving away at a rate of 4.1 cm/year. If a plane covers this distance in 8.5 hours traveling at a rate of 460 miles/hour, how long it will take the flight at the same speed 10,000,000 years from now.
As you can see, you can't post maps, seismographs, etc. in this forum.
To answer these questions, we need to carefully analyze the provided information and use some mathematical calculations.
Question 1:
To find the epicenter and intensity of the earthquake using the given map, seismograms, sp graph, and nomogram, we need to follow these steps:
1. Analyze the seismograms: Look at the provided seismograms to determine the arrival times of primary (P) and secondary (S) waves at different stations. Measure the time intervals between P and S waves for each station.
2. Determine the distance from each station to the earthquake epicenter: Use the sp graph (short for "seismic path") to find the distance of each station from the epicenter. Match the time interval measured in step 1 with the corresponding curve on the sp graph to determine the distance.
3. Use the map and station data: Locate the stations on the map and draw circles around each station with a radius equal to the distance determined in step 2. The epicenter will be at the intersection of these circles.
4. Determine earthquake intensity: Use the nomogram provided to measure the intensity of the earthquake. Find the value that corresponds to the amplitude of the seismogram (given in millimeters) and the distance of the station from the epicenter (determined in step 2).
Question 2:
To find the distance between Sao Paulo (Brazil) and Cape South Africa 10,000,000 years from now, as well as the time required for a flight, considering the movement of tectonic plates, follow these steps:
1. Calculate the plate movement rate: Multiply the rate at which the South American and African plates are moving away (4.1 cm/year) by the time frame (10,000,000 years) to determine the total distance they will have moved.
2. Subtract the initial distance: Subtract the total distance calculated in step 1 from the actual distance between the two cities (3939 miles or 6339 kilometers) to find the distance remaining after plate movement.
3. Calculate the flight time: Divide the remaining distance (from step 2) by the speed of the plane (460 miles/hour) to find the time it would take for the flight.