why was Copernicus model accepted over the geocentric model, even when it did not predict stellar event any better than the geocentric model
The acceptance of Copernicus' heliocentric model over the geocentric model was influenced by several factors, even if it did not initially predict stellar events any better than the geocentric model. Here's an explanation of the reasons for its acceptance:
1. Simplicity and Elegance: Copernicus' model offered a simpler and more elegant explanation of the motion of celestial bodies. By placing the Sun at the center of the universe and having the Earth and other planets revolve around it in circular orbits, the model reduced the complexity of the geocentric model, which required elaborate epicycles and deferents to explain the observed motions. The simplicity of Copernicus' model appealed to many scientists and philosophers.
2. Mathematical Accuracy: Despite not initially predicting stellar events with superior accuracy, Copernicus' model provided a more accurate mathematical framework for predicting planetary motions. The heliocentric model incorporated uniform circular motion and allowed for more precise mathematical calculations, paving the way for future advancements in understanding celestial mechanics.
3. Observational Evidence: Over time, as telescopic technology improved, astronomers made increasingly accurate observations that favored the heliocentric model. The discovery of the phases of Venus by Galileo Galilei in the early 17th century provided direct evidence that Venus orbits the Sun, supporting the heliocentric model. Additionally, the observations of the moons of Jupiter, the phases of the Moon, and the irregularities in the motion of Mars further supported the heliocentric concept.
4. Influence of Key Astronomers: The support of influential astronomers played a significant role in the acceptance of Copernicus' model. Prominent figures like Johannes Kepler, Tycho Brahe, and Galileo Galilei not only contributed to refining and strengthening the heliocentric model but also advocated for its acceptance through their research, writings, and influence within the scientific community.
5. Sociopolitical Factors: The prevailing sociopolitical environment during Copernicus' time also influenced the acceptance of his model. The Church's authority and influence were declining, and the Renaissance spirit of questioning traditional beliefs and embracing scientific investigation was emerging. This allowed Copernicus' model to gain traction, despite facing initial resistance from religious authorities.
It is important to note that while Copernicus' model faced initial challenges, further advances in astronomical observations and the work of subsequent astronomers like Kepler and Isaac Newton solidified its acceptance and laid the foundation for modern astrophysics.