What did the radicals in congress do to johnson? Was johnson forced out of office?
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The "radicals" in Congress, also known as the Radical Republicans, were a faction within the Republican Party during the Reconstruction Era after the American Civil War. They sought to impose a more radical approach to the reconstruction of the Southern states, particularly regarding equal civil and political rights for African Americans.
In 1868, the House of Representatives voted to impeach President Andrew Johnson, making him the first president in U.S. history to be impeached. Johnson was accused of violating the Tenure of Office Act, a law passed by Congress to restrict the President's power to remove certain officeholders without Senate approval. Johnson had attempted to dismiss Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton, a staunch ally of the Radical Republicans, in violation of this act.
The impeachment of Johnson led to a trial in the Senate, which ultimately ended with his acquittal by a margin of one vote. As a result, Johnson was not forced out of office and remained President until the end of his term in 1869.
To learn more about the actions and motivations of the Radical Republicans and the events leading to Johnson's impeachment, you can refer to historical books, articles, or online resources. Some recommended sources include:
1. "Reconstruction: America's Unfinished Revolution, 1863-1877" by Eric Foner: This book offers a comprehensive overview of the Reconstruction Era, including the Radical Republicans' role in shaping it.
2. "Andrew Johnson: A Biography" by Hans L. Trefousse: This biography provides insights into Andrew Johnson's presidency, including the events leading to his impeachment.
3. The Library of Congress website (www.loc.gov) and the National Archives website (www.archives.gov) contain primary sources, such as speeches, letters, and official documents, which can offer a more detailed understanding of the historical context.
Remember to critically evaluate your sources and consult multiple perspectives to develop a well-rounded understanding of the topic.