When substances such as sugar and table salt are dissolved in water, the freezing points of the new solutions are lower than the freezing point of water. Also, the more material dissolved, the lower the freezing point. The boiling points of these solutions, however, are higher than that of water.

Which of the following statements would be correct if salt were added to a pan of water?

A. Less energy is required to boil the salt water solution than required to boil the pure water.
B. The new solution in the pan has a higher boiling temperature than before the salt was added.
C. The steam released has a lower temperature than steam from pure water.

1)A only
2)B only
3)C only
4)A and B only
5)A,B and C only

2 ?

You are right. Only B is correct.

To determine the correct statement, let's consider the properties of solutions when substances like salt are added to water.

When salt is dissolved in water, it dissociates into ions (Na+ and Cl-) that disrupt the regular formation of water molecules during freezing. This disruption results in a lower freezing point compared to pure water. So we know that the freezing point of a saltwater solution is lower than that of pure water.

Regarding the boiling point, the presence of salt particles in the solution raises the boiling point. This happens because the boiling process requires enough energy to overcome the vapor pressure of the liquid. When salt is added, it interferes with the vapor pressure, requiring a higher temperature for the liquid to reach its boiling point. Therefore, the boiling temperature of the saltwater solution is higher than that of pure water.

Now, let's evaluate the given statements:

A. Less energy is required to boil the saltwater solution than required to boil the pure water.
This statement is incorrect. As explained above, the presence of salt raises the boiling point, requiring more energy to reach the boiling temperature. So, less energy is required to boil pure water compared to a saltwater solution. Therefore, statement A is false.

B. The new solution in the pan has a higher boiling temperature than before the salt was added.
This statement is correct. As discussed, adding salt to water raises its boiling temperature. Therefore, statement B is true.

C. The steam released has a lower temperature than steam from pure water.
This statement is incorrect. The temperature of the steam released during boiling is determined by the boiling temperature, which, in the case of the saltwater solution, is higher than that of pure water. So, the steam released from the saltwater solution has a higher temperature. Therefore, statement C is false.

Based on the analysis, the correct statement is B only. Therefore, the correct answer is option 2.