Explain, using at least two examples, how the actions of ordinary people forced politicians to act more forcefully during the early part of the French Revolution.
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During the early part of the French Revolution, the actions of ordinary people played a crucial role in pressuring politicians to act more forcefully. Here are two examples that highlight this influence:
1. The Storming of the Bastille: On July 14, 1789, a Parisian mob stormed the Bastille, a fortress and prison that symbolized royal authority. The common people, driven by frustration over rising food prices, unemployment, and political oppression, demonstrated their power by attacking and overtaking this symbol of the monarchy. This event shook the political landscape and forced the ruling elite to take notice of the people's discontent. In response to this act, King Louis XVI was compelled to acknowledge the popular uprising and, subsequently, ordered the withdrawal of royal troops from Paris. This action reflected the significance of the ordinary people's uprising and pushed politicians to take more decisive actions to address the grievances of the population.
2. Women's March to Versailles: On October 5, 1789, a large group of working-class women in Paris marched to Versailles, the residence of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette, demanding bread and expressing their anger over the food shortage. By bringing their grievances directly to the king and queen, these women challenged the authority of the monarchy. The women gained the support of the National Guard, a significant military force, which further enhanced their cause. The king, fearing the escalation of the situation, was compelled to address the women and meet their demands. As a result, the royal family was brought back to Paris, effectively making them prisoners within the city. This event demonstrated the power of the ordinary people to influence political decisions and highlighted the need for politicians to act more forcefully to address the concerns of the population.
In both of these examples, the actions of ordinary people directly confronted the ruling elite and disrupted established power structures. Their demands could no longer be ignored, compelling politicians to take more immediate and decisive actions to address the grievances of the people. This shows how the collective power of ordinary citizens can force politicians to respond more forcefully during times of political turmoil and upheaval.