I'm having a bit of trouble translating what I see when I perform the experiment into actual chemical reactions. In one experiment, Magnesium is placed in Hydrochloric acid, and a burning splint is extinguished. So I think that it is producing Magnesium chloride + hydrogen?
The ones I am blank with is Carbon Dioxide bubbling through a beaker of water. Blue litmus turns red, so it must be acidic. Carbonic acid? There's also sodium hydroxide + ammonium carbonate. I think ammonia gas is produced because of the smell (I think). But what kind of reaction is that? What does that leave? I'm not sure......
Acetylene is burned. C2H2 + O2, is that correct? I think the product has carbon dioxide in it? Carbon Dioxide + Water? Is that the product? But then what type of reaction would that be? Just combustion?
Finally ammonium carbonate + hydrochloric acid. I have no clue about this one.
Thanks in advance...
Mg + 2HCl ==> MgCl2 +H2. The H2 will burn if enough oxygen is present or will explode if a open flame is placed near the mouth of a small test tube. A single displacement reaction.
You are correct that H2O + CO2 produces H2CO3. This is a synthesis reaction.
Yes, the odor is NH3.
NaOH + (NH4)2CO3 ==> Na2CO3 + NH3 + H2O. This is a double displacement reaction followed by decomposition of an intermediate of NH4OH. Actually, NH4OH doesn't exist but it is much easier to see what's going on if we assume it forms as an intermediate.
NaOH + (NH4)2CO3 ==> Na2CO3 + NH4OH. You balance. This is the double displacement part. Then the hypothetical NH4OH decomposes as NH4OH ==> NH3 + HOH.
C2H2 + O2 ==> CO2 + H2O. You balance. This is a combustion reaction. Also it is an oxidation/reduction reaction.
Here are a three sites that will help you in classifying reactions. One lists 4 types and one lists 6 but don't let that confuse you.
http://misterguch.brinkster.net/6typesofchemicalrxn.html
http://www.usoe.k12.ut.us/CURR/Science/sciber00/8th/matter/sciber/chemtype.htm
(Broken Link Removed)
Thanks for using Jiskha
Let's break down each experiment and identify the chemical reactions involved:
1. Magnesium with Hydrochloric Acid:
When magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid, it forms magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas. The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:
Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2
2. Carbon Dioxide bubbling through water:
When carbon dioxide dissolves in water, it forms carbonic acid. The balanced equation for this reaction is:
CO2 + H2O -> H2CO3
The presence of carbonic acid makes the solution acidic, turning blue litmus paper red.
3. Sodium hydroxide with ammonium carbonate:
In this reaction, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) reacts with ammonium carbonate (NH4)2CO3. The products of this reaction are sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), water (H2O), and ammonia gas (NH3). The balanced equation is:
2NaOH + (NH4)2CO3 -> Na2CO3 + 2H2O + 2NH3
You correctly identified the smell of ammonia gas as a product.
4. Acetylene burning with oxygen:
The combustion of acetylene (C2H2) involves reacting it with oxygen (O2) to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor (H2O). The balanced equation is:
2C2H2 + 5O2 -> 4CO2 + 2H2O
This reaction is indeed a combustion reaction.
5. Ammonium carbonate with hydrochloric acid:
When ammonium carbonate (NH4)2CO3 reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCl), the products are ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), water (H2O), and carbon dioxide gas (CO2). The balanced equation is:
(NH4)2CO3 + 2HCl -> 2NH4Cl + H2O + CO2
To find these reactions, it is helpful to refer to chemical databases or use balanced chemical equations. The reactions can also be identified by the types of substances involved (acids, bases, carbonates) and the observations made during the experiments (color change, gas production, odor).