Chlorine gas can be produced in the laboratory by adding concentrated hydrochloric acid to manganese(IV) oxide in the following reaction..
MnO2(s)+ 4HCl(aq)-->MnCl2(aq)+ 2H2O(l)+ Cl2(g)
A. Calculate the mass of MnO2 needed to produce 25.0g of Cl2
B. What mass of MnCl2 is produced when 0.091 g of Cl2 is generated?
To answer both questions, we need to use stoichiometry, which is the quantitative relationship between reactants and products in a chemical reaction.
A. To calculate the mass of MnO2 needed to produce 25.0g of Cl2, we can follow these steps:
1. Determine the molar mass of Cl2:
- The molar mass of Cl2 is 2 * (molar mass of Cl) = 2 * (35.45 g/mol) = 70.90 g/mol.
2. Use the balanced chemical equation to find the mole ratio between Cl2 and MnO2:
- According to the balanced equation, 1 mole of MnO2 reacts to produce 1 mole of Cl2.
3. Convert the given mass of Cl2 to moles:
- Moles of Cl2 = Mass of Cl2 / Molar mass of Cl2
- Moles of Cl2 = 25.0 g / 70.90 g/mol
4. Use the mole ratio to find the moles of MnO2:
- Moles of MnO2 = Moles of Cl2 (from step 3)
5. Convert the moles of MnO2 to grams:
- Mass of MnO2 = Moles of MnO2 * Molar mass of MnO2
Therefore, to find the mass of MnO2 needed to produce 25.0g of Cl2, follow the steps above using the given values and the molar mass of MnO2.
B. To find the mass of MnCl2 produced when 0.091 g of Cl2 is generated, we can follow similar steps:
1. Determine the molar mass of MnCl2:
- The molar mass of MnCl2 is the sum of the individual molar masses of manganese (Mn) and chlorine (Cl).
2. Use the balanced chemical equation to find the mole ratio between Cl2 and MnCl2:
- According to the balanced equation, 1 mole of MnO2 reacts to produce 2 moles of MnCl2.
3. Convert the given mass of Cl2 to moles:
- Moles of Cl2 = Mass of Cl2 / Molar mass of Cl2
- Moles of Cl2 = 0.091 g / 70.90 g/mol
4. Use the mole ratio to find the moles of MnCl2:
- Moles of MnCl2 = Moles of Cl2 (from step 3) * (2 moles of MnCl2 / 1 mole of Cl2)
5. Convert the moles of MnCl2 to grams:
- Mass of MnCl2 = Moles of MnCl2 * Molar mass of MnCl2
Therefore, to find the mass of MnCl2 produced when 0.091 g of Cl2 is generated, follow the steps above using the given values and the molar mass of MnCl2.