I need some help with a few questions on my homework.
1)The Lakers almost didn't beat the Kings. They'll never get past Dallas. (Assume that in fact, the Lakers beat the Kings.)
a. Valid.
b. Sound.
c. Inductive (strong).
d. Inductive (weak).
e. This is an explanation.
2)Since some grapes are purple, and all grapes are fruit, some fruit is purple.
a. Valid.
b. Sound.
c. Inductive (strong).
d. Inductive (weak).
e. This is an explanation.
3)I don't think you should call the party a success; only eight people showed up. (Assume that you know in fact eight people showed for the party.)
a. Valid.
b. Sound.
c. Inductive (strong).
d. Inductive (weak).
e. This is an explanation.
4)“We are going to look at lots this afternoon.�
Which of the following is the clearest rewrite of the above phrase?
a. We are going to look at Lot this afternoon.
b. We are going to look a lot this afternoon.
c. We are going to look at car lots this afternoon.
d. None of the above.
e. All of the above.
5)Identify the fallacy in the following passage:
If people are thrifty and save a large percentage of their money, then their
personal economy is better off in the long run. Therefore, if a society is thrifty and
saves a large percentage of its money, the society will be better off in the long run.
a. Fallacy of addition.
b. Fallacy of subtraction.
c. Fallacy of division.
d. Fallacy of composition.
e. This is a good argument; it is not a fallacy.
my answers are: 1)d 2)d 3)d 4)e
When you have answered these questions or have a particular question you don't understand, please repost. We do not do your work for you. But we will be more than happy to help you.
1 and 3 are correct.
1) The statement "The Lakers almost didn't beat the Kings. They'll never get past Dallas" is an example of induction, as it draws a conclusion based on past performance. Since the Lakers beat the Kings, the statement is weakly inductive (d) because it assumes that this outcome is indicative of how they will perform against Dallas in the future.
2) The statement "Since some grapes are purple, and all grapes are fruit, some fruit is purple" is an example of deductive reasoning, using the principles of categorical syllogism. Since the premises are true and the conclusion follows logically, the statement is valid (a).
3) The statement "I don't think you should call the party a success; only eight people showed up" is an example of deduction, as it presents a specific instance (eight people showing up) and uses it to infer the overall success of the party. Since the statement accurately reflects the situation (eight people did show up), it is valid (a).
4) The clearest rewrite of the phrase "We are going to look at lots this afternoon" is option b: "We are going to look a lot this afternoon." This choice ensures that the intended meaning, which is looking extensively or at many things, is conveyed in a clear and grammatically correct manner.
5) The fallacy in the passage is the Fallacy of Composition (d), which erroneously assumes that what is true for the parts (individual people) must also be true for the whole (society). Just because individuals benefit from saving money, it does not necessarily mean that the society as a whole will benefit in the same way. This fallacy overlooks other factors that may impact the overall well-being of a society.