What are the balanced equation for the following reactions:
HCl and Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate
HCl and Copper oxide
HCl and Calcium carbonate
HCl and Magnesium
NaOH and Ammonium Chloride
Obviously this is an exercise in helping you become familiar with the formulas of compounds. Here is the first one. Just let the words tell you what to do.
HCl + 3NaHCO3 ==> Na2CO3 + 2H2O + 2CO2 + NaCl
There are two copper oxides. I don't know which you want. One is CuO, the other is Cu2O. CuO should be written either as copper(II) oxide or cupric oxide. Cu2O should be written either as copper(I) oxide or cuprous oxide.
Here is a good site to pick the others. I recommend you memorize the common ones. One way to do that is to practice writing equations enough that the use of the cations and anions become memorized just from usage.
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To balance chemical equations, you need to ensure that the number of atoms of each element is equal on both sides of the equation. I will now provide the balanced equations for the reactions you mentioned:
1. HCl and Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate:
The reaction between hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3) produces carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), and sodium chloride (NaCl).
The balanced equation for the reaction is:
2 HCl + NaHCO3 → CO2 + H2O + NaCl
2. HCl and Copper Oxide:
The reaction between hydrochloric acid (HCl) and copper oxide (CuO) produces water (H2O) and copper chloride (CuCl2).
The balanced equation for the reaction is:
2 HCl + CuO → H2O + CuCl2
3. HCl and Calcium Carbonate:
The reaction between hydrochloric acid (HCl) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) produces carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), and calcium chloride (CaCl2).
The balanced equation for the reaction is:
2 HCl + CaCO3 → CO2 + H2O + CaCl2
4. HCl and Magnesium:
The reaction between hydrochloric acid (HCl) and magnesium (Mg) produces hydrogen gas (H2) and magnesium chloride (MgCl2).
The balanced equation for the reaction is:
2 HCl + Mg → H2 + MgCl2
5. NaOH and Ammonium Chloride:
The reaction between sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) produces water (H2O) and ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH).
The balanced equation for the reaction is:
NaOH + NH4Cl → H2O + NH4OH
By balancing these equations, you ensure that the Law of Conservation of Mass is maintained, with the same number of each type of atom on both sides of the equation.