when heated, sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3, decomposes into sodium carbonate, Na2CO3, water, and carbon dioxide. If 5.00 g of NaHCO3 decomposes what is the mass of the carbon dioxide produced?
see below
To find the mass of carbon dioxide produced when 5.00 g of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) decomposes, we need to calculate the molar mass of NaHCO3 and use it to convert grams to moles. Then, we can determine the molar ratio between NaHCO3 and CO2 to find the moles of CO2 produced. Finally, by multiplying the moles of CO2 by its molar mass, we can determine the mass of CO2 produced.
1. Calculate the molar mass of NaHCO3:
- Atomic mass of Na = 22.99 g/mol
- Atomic mass of H = 1.01 g/mol
- Atomic mass of C = 12.01 g/mol
- Atomic mass of O = 16.00 g/mol
Molar mass of NaHCO3 = (22.99) + (1.01) + (12.01) + (3 * 16.00) = 84.01 g/mol
2. Convert grams of NaHCO3 to moles:
Moles of NaHCO3 = mass of NaHCO3 / molar mass of NaHCO3
= 5.00 g / 84.01 g/mol ≈ 0.0595 mol
3. Determine the molar ratio of NaHCO3 to CO2:
From the balanced equation:
2 NaHCO3 → Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2
The ratio of NaHCO3 to CO2 is 2:1. This means for every 2 moles of NaHCO3 decomposed, 1 mole of CO2 is produced.
4. Calculate moles of CO2 produced:
Moles of CO2 = (moles of NaHCO3) * (1 mole CO2 / 2 moles NaHCO3)
= 0.0595 mol * (1 mol CO2 / 2 mol NaHCO3) ≈ 0.0298 mol
5. Calculate the mass of CO2 produced:
Mass of CO2 = moles of CO2 * molar mass of CO2
= 0.0298 mol * 44.01 g/mol
≈ 1.31 g
Therefore, the mass of carbon dioxide produced when 5.00 g of sodium bicarbonate decomposes is approximately 1.31 g.