Factor by introducing an appropriate substitution.

5y10 - 31y5 - 28

You must have meant to type

5y^10 - 31y^5 - 28
then ... let y^5 = x
5x^ - 31x - 28
= (x-7)(5x + 4)
= (y^5 - 7)(5y^5 + 4)