In chemistry, for a given substance what information links mass to moles? number of particles to moles?
In chemistry, mass is linked to moles through the concept of molar mass, while the number of particles is linked to moles through Avogadro's number.
1. Mass to Moles:
To convert from mass to moles, you need to know the molar mass of the substance. The molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance and is expressed in grams/mol.
To calculate the number of moles from mass, you follow these steps:
1. Determine the mass of the substance given in the problem.
2. Look up the atomic masses of each individual element in the substance (usually found on the periodic table).
3. Multiply the atomic mass of each element by the number of atoms of that element present in the substance (as indicated by the chemical formula).
4. Add up all the individual masses calculated in the previous step.
5. Divide the total mass by the molar mass of the substance.
The result will give you the number of moles.
2. Number of Particles to Moles:
To convert from the number of particles to moles, you need to use Avogadro's number, which is a fundamental constant in chemistry. Avogadro's number is approximately 6.022 x 10^23 particles/mol.
To calculate the number of moles from the number of particles, follow these steps:
1. Determine the number of particles given in the problem.
2. Divide the number of particles by Avogadro's number.
The result will give you the number of moles.
Remember that these calculations are based on the assumption that the substance in question is a pure element or a compound with a defined molecular formula.
moles = grams/molar mass
There are 6.02 x 10^23 atoms (particles) to a mole.of atoms.