Acetone , C3H6), is the main ingredient of nail polish remover. A solution is made up by adding 35.0 ml of acetone (d=0.790g/ml) to 50.0ml of ethyl alchole, C2H6O (d=0.789 g/ml). summing volumes are additive, calculate
(a). the mass percent of acetone in the solution.
(b). the volume percent of ethyl alchole in the solution.
(c). the mole fraction of acetone in the solution.
Note: Please work problem completely
a. 41.2%
b. 58.8%
c. 0.358 moles
a.) % mass of acetone= (mass of solute/mass of solute=mass of solvent)100
*to get the mass you must find the mass by getting it in the given density and volume.
=(2.65/27.65+39.45)100
=(27.65/67.1)100
=41.21%
b.) % volume of ethyl alcohol= (volume of ethyl alcohol/total volume)100
=(50/85)100
=58.82%
Acetone , C3H6), is the main ingredient of nail polish remover. A solution is made up by adding 35.0 ml of acetone (d=0.790g/ml) to 50.0ml of ethyl alchole, C2H6O (d=0.789 g/ml). summing volumes are additive, calculate
(a). the mass percent of acetone in the solution.
Using density, convert mL of each to grams, then sum them to get a total. Then %aceton = (mass acetone/total mass)*100 = ??
(b). the volume percent of ethyl alcohol in the solution.
Sum the volumes to get a total volume. Then %EtOH = (volume EtOH/total volume)*100 = ??
(c). the mole fraction of acetone in the solution.
Convert grams from part a into moles acetone and moles EtOH. Sum moles to get a total moles. Then
mole fraction acetone = (moles acetone/total moles) = ??
Post your work if you get stuck.
Sure, I'll do my best to provide a humorous response while answering your question:
(a) To calculate the mass percent of acetone in the solution, we need to find the mass of acetone and the total mass of the solution. As the densities of acetone and ethyl alcohol are close, we can assume their volumes are equal to their masses.
First, let's calculate the mass of acetone:
Mass of acetone = Volume of acetone * Density of acetone
Mass of acetone = 35.0 ml * 0.790 g/ml = 27.65 g
Next, let's find the total mass of the solution by adding the masses of acetone and ethyl alcohol:
Total mass of solution = Mass of acetone + Mass of ethyl alcohol
Total mass of solution = 27.65 g + 50.0 ml * 0.789 g/ml = 65.45 g
Now, we can calculate the mass percent of acetone:
Mass percent of acetone = (Mass of acetone / Total mass of solution) * 100
Mass percent of acetone = (27.65 g / 65.45 g) * 100 = 42.29%
(b) To determine the volume percent of ethyl alcohol in the solution, we need to find the volume of ethyl alcohol and the total volume of the solution.
First, let's calculate the volume of ethyl alcohol:
Volume of ethyl alcohol = 50.0 ml
Next, let's find the total volume of the solution by adding the volumes of acetone and ethyl alcohol:
Total volume of solution = Volume of acetone + Volume of ethyl alcohol
Total volume of solution = 35.0 ml + 50.0 ml = 85.0 ml
Now, we can calculate the volume percent of ethyl alcohol:
Volume percent of ethyl alcohol = (Volume of ethyl alcohol / Total volume of solution) * 100
Volume percent of ethyl alcohol = (50.0 ml / 85.0 ml) * 100 = 58.82%
(c) Lastly, let's determine the mole fraction of acetone in the solution.
To calculate the mole fraction, we need to find the moles of acetone and the moles of ethyl alcohol.
First, let's calculate the moles of acetone:
Moles of acetone = Mass of acetone / Molar mass of acetone
Molar mass of acetone = 58.08 g/mol (molar mass of C3H6)
Moles of acetone = 27.65 g / 58.08 g/mol ≈ 0.476 moles
Next, let's calculate the moles of ethyl alcohol:
Moles of ethyl alcohol = Mass of ethyl alcohol / Molar mass of ethyl alcohol
Molar mass of ethyl alcohol = 46.07 g/mol (molar mass of C2H6O)
Moles of ethyl alcohol = 50.0 ml * 0.789 g/ml / 46.07 g/mol ≈ 0.859 moles
Now, we can calculate the mole fraction of acetone:
Mole fraction of acetone = Moles of acetone / (Moles of acetone + Moles of ethyl alcohol)
Mole fraction of acetone = 0.476 moles / (0.476 moles + 0.859 moles) ≈ 0.356
To solve this problem, we need to follow a step-by-step approach. Let's calculate each of the required quantities one by one:
(a) The mass percent of acetone in the solution can be calculated using the formula:
Mass Percent = (Mass of Acetone / Mass of Solution) × 100
First, let's calculate the mass of acetone. The density of acetone is given as 0.790 g/ml, and the volume of acetone added is 35.0 ml. So the mass of acetone is:
Mass of Acetone = Density × Volume = 0.790 g/ml × 35.0 ml = 27.65 g
Now, calculate the total mass of the solution by adding the masses of acetone and ethyl alcohol:
Mass of Solution = Mass of Acetone + Mass of Ethyl Alcohol
To calculate the mass of ethyl alcohol, we need to know its density. However, the density of ethyl alcohol is not given directly. We can assume that the densities of acetone and ethyl alcohol are approximately the same (since they are both liquid organic solvents). Therefore, we can use the density of acetone (0.790 g/ml) to calculate the mass of ethyl alcohol.
Density of Ethyl Alcohol ≈ Density of Acetone = 0.790 g/ml
The volume of ethyl alcohol added is 50.0 ml. Therefore, the mass of ethyl alcohol is:
Mass of Ethyl Alcohol = Density × Volume = 0.790 g/ml × 50.0 ml = 39.5 g
Now, calculate the total mass of the solution:
Mass of Solution = Mass of Acetone + Mass of Ethyl Alcohol = 27.65 g + 39.5 g = 67.15 g
Finally, calculate the mass percent of acetone in the solution:
Mass Percent of Acetone = (Mass of Acetone / Mass of Solution) × 100
= (27.65 g / 67.15 g) × 100
≈ 41.19%
Therefore, the mass percent of acetone in the solution is approximately 41.19%.
(b) The volume percent of ethyl alcohol in the solution can be calculated using the formula:
Volume Percent = (Volume of Ethyl Alcohol / Volume of Solution) × 100
Given that the volume of ethyl alcohol added is 50.0 ml and the volume of acetone added is 35.0 ml, the total volume of the solution is:
Volume of Solution = Volume of Acetone + Volume of Ethyl Alcohol
= 35.0 ml + 50.0 ml
= 85.0 ml
Now, calculate the volume percent of ethyl alcohol in the solution:
Volume Percent of Ethyl Alcohol = (Volume of Ethyl Alcohol / Volume of Solution) × 100
= (50.0 ml / 85.0 ml) × 100
≈ 58.82%
Therefore, the volume percent of ethyl alcohol in the solution is approximately 58.82%.
(c) The mole fraction of acetone in the solution can be calculated using the formula:
Mole Fraction = (Moles of Acetone / Total Moles of Solution)
To calculate the moles of acetone, we first need to calculate the number of moles using the equation:
Number of Moles = Mass / Molar Mass
The molar mass of acetone (C3H6) can be calculated by adding the atomic masses of carbon and hydrogen:
Molar Mass of Acetone = (3 × Atomic Mass of Carbon) + (6 × Atomic Mass of Hydrogen)
= (3 × 12.01 g/mol) + (6 × 1.01 g/mol)
= 36.03 g/mol + 6.06 g/mol
= 42.09 g/mol
Now, calculate the moles of acetone:
Moles of Acetone = Mass of Acetone / Molar Mass
= 27.65 g / 42.09 g/mol
≈ 0.658 mol
To calculate the moles of ethyl alcohol, we need to know its molar mass. The molar mass of ethyl alcohol (C2H6O) can be calculated as:
Molar Mass of Ethyl Alcohol = (2 × Atomic Mass of Carbon) + (6 × Atomic Mass of Hydrogen) + Atomic Mass of Oxygen
= (2 × 12.01 g/mol) + (6 × 1.01 g/mol) + 16.00 g/mol
= 24.02 g/mol + 6.06 g/mol + 16.00 g/mol
= 46.08 g/mol
Now, calculate the moles of ethyl alcohol:
Moles of Ethyl Alcohol = Mass of Ethyl Alcohol / Molar Mass
= 39.5 g / 46.08 g/mol
≈ 0.857 mol
Finally, calculate the mole fraction of acetone in the solution:
Mole Fraction of Acetone = Moles of Acetone / Total Moles of Solution
≈ 0.658 mol / (0.658 mol + 0.857 mol)
≈ 0.434
Therefore, the mole fraction of acetone in the solution is approximately 0.434.