How do I use the distribution coefficient to find the amount of a substance extracted?
If it's for water and another organic solvent:
K= (total sample(g)- xg)/(xg/ml water)
xg= the ammount of sample left in water
~since the ammount xg is left in the water then, the ammount of sample transfered over to the organic solvent is total sample - xg
see above post
To use the distribution coefficient to find the amount of a substance extracted, you need to follow these steps:
1. Determine the distribution coefficient (Kd) for the system: The distribution coefficient is defined as the ratio of the concentration of the substance in the organic phase to its concentration in the aqueous phase at equilibrium. It represents how much of the substance preferentially partitions into the organic phase during extraction.
2. Measure the initial concentration of the substance in the aqueous phase (C_initial_aq) and the volume of the aqueous phase (V_aq): You need the initial conditions of the system to calculate the amount of the substance extracted.
3. Perform the extraction: Carry out the extraction process by mixing the aqueous phase containing the substance with the organic phase (usually a solvent). Allow the equilibrium to be reached, ensuring that the substance has adequately partitioned between the phases.
4. Separate the two phases: After reaching equilibrium, separate the two phases—aqueous and organic—using suitable techniques like decantation, centrifugation, or filtration.
5. Measure the final concentration of the substance in the aqueous phase (C_final_aq) and organic phase (C_final_org) after separation: Use appropriate analytical techniques to determine the concentrations of the substance in both phases accurately.
6. Calculate the amount of the substance extracted (Q_extracted): The amount of substance extracted (Q_extracted) can be calculated by multiplying the difference between the initial and final concentrations of the substance in the aqueous phase by the volume of the aqueous phase:
Q_extracted = (C_initial_aq - C_final_aq) * V_aq
7. Optional: If you want to calculate the overall extraction efficiency, you can compare the final concentration in the organic phase to the initial concentration:
Efficiency = (C_final_org / C_initial_aq) * 100%
By applying these steps and utilizing the distribution coefficient, you can determine the amount of a substance extracted during a liquid-liquid extraction process.