what causes deferred junctions on on rivers flood plains?
a.swamps
b.ox-bow lakes
c.raised riverf banks
d.river cliffs
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The cause of deferred junctions on river flood plains is option B: ox-bow lakes.
To understand why ox-bow lakes cause deferred junctions, let's first explain what an ox-bow lake is. An ox-bow lake is a U-shaped body of water that forms when a meandering river cuts off a meander bend, creating a loop-shaped body of water separate from the main river channel.
On a river flood plain, a river meanders and changes its course over time. As the river cuts across the flood plain, it forms bends and meanders. When a strong current erodes the neck of a meander bend, it cuts through the narrow section, creating a straighter channel. This process is known as "cutting off" a meander.
Once a meander bend is cut off, the river flows along the new straighter course, leaving behind an abandoned loop. This loop eventually becomes an ox-bow lake, as it gets filled with water from the main river flow. As a result, the original course of the river is shortened, and a deferred junction is formed.
Deferred junctions occur when the abandoned river channel, which used to be a part of the main river, is disconnected by an ox-bow lake. The river flow now takes a more direct and shorter path, bypassing the abandoned meander bend. This change in the river's course causes a deferred junction, where the main river channel and the abandoned loop are no longer connected.
In summary, the formation of ox-bow lakes on river flood plains causes deferred junctions by cutting off meander bends, creating separate bodies of water and diverting the main river flow to a shorter, more direct course.