Alright, last ones on the test:
37. Hyphae
a. increase the surface area-to-volume ratio of the fungus
b. have slender filaments
c. allow for efficient uptake of nutrients
d. all of the above
D?
38. In which process do tRNA molecules attach amino acids to the growing chain according to the codons?
a. transcription
b. replication
c. translation
d. transformation
C?
Thanks
-MC
For question 37, the correct answer is indeed option D - "all of the above."
To arrive at this answer, let's break down the question. The question is asking about "hyphae." Hyphae are the branching, thread-like filaments that make up the body of a fungus. Here's how we can reason our way through the answer choices:
a. "increase the surface area-to-volume ratio of the fungus": Hyphae have a large surface area relative to their volume. This increase in surface area allows for more efficient absorption of nutrients. This statement is true.
b. "have slender filaments": Hyphae are indeed slender filaments that can branch and extend in various directions. This statement is also true.
c. "allow for efficient uptake of nutrients": As mentioned earlier, the large surface area of hyphae allows for efficient absorption of nutrients from the environment. This statement is true as well.
Since all three statements (a, b, and c) are true, the correct answer choice is D - "all of the above."
Moving on to question 38, the correct answer is option C - "translation."
To determine the correct answer, let's understand the terms involved:
a. "tRNA": Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules function in protein synthesis by carrying specific amino acids to the ribosome. Each tRNA molecule recognizes a specific codon (sequence of three nucleotides) on the messenger RNA (mRNA) during translation.
b. "attach amino acids to the growing chain": During protein synthesis, tRNA molecules attach amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain. Each tRNA molecule brings the correct amino acid, determined by its anticodon, to the ribosome.
c. "according to the codons": Codons are the three-nucleotide sequences on mRNA that specify a particular amino acid. tRNA molecules recognize specific codons on mRNA and deliver the corresponding amino acids.
Therefore, the process described that involves tRNA molecules attaching amino acids to the growing chain according to the codons is called "translation." Hence, the correct answer is C - "translation."
You're welcome! Let me know if there's anything else I can help you with.