28. Natural selection causes
a. changes in the environment
b. plants and animals to produce more offpsring than can survive
c. changes in the frequency of certain favorable characteristics in a population
d. all of the above
D?
30. When Darwin published his theory of evolution, he included all of the following ideas EXCEPT the idea that
a. species change slowly over time
b. some organisms become less suited to their environment than others
c. evolution occurs in spurts after major environmental change
d. some organisms reproduce at a greater rate than others
A or D?
Thanks
-MC
Question 28: Natural selection causes changes in the environment, plants and animals to produce more offspring than can survive, and changes in the frequency of certain favorable characteristics in a population. To arrive at the correct answer, let's examine each option:
a. Changes in the environment: Natural selection can lead to changes in the environment due to the survival and reproductive success of certain individuals or groups with specific traits. These individuals may modify their environment through behaviors or interactions, creating an impact on the environment.
b. Plants and animals producing more offspring than can survive: Natural selection is driven by competition for limited resources. In order to increase their chances of survival, plants and animals tend to produce more offspring than can be supported by the available resources. This leads to competition among individuals, with only the fittest and most adapted being successful in surviving and reproducing.
c. Changes in the frequency of certain favorable characteristics: Natural selection acts on the heritable variation within a population. Individuals with characteristics that offer an advantage in their specific environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing those advantageous traits to future generations. Over time, this leads to an increase in the frequency of these favorable characteristics in a population.
Considering all of the above explanations, the correct answer is d. all of the above.
Question 30: When Darwin published his theory of evolution, he included the idea that species change slowly over time, some organisms become less suited to their environment than others, and some organisms reproduce at a greater rate than others. The idea that is NOT included in Darwin's theory is c. evolution occurs in spurts after major environmental change. Darwin's theory primarily emphasizes gradual changes over long periods of time, rather than sudden changes occurring in response to major environmental shifts or events.
Thus, the correct answer is c. evolution occurs in spurts after major environmental change.