Calculate the molarity of a solution containing 40.0 g glucose (C6H12O6) in enough ethanol (C2H5OH) to make 40.0 mL of solution.
Remember the definition.
M = moles/L solution.
Convert 40.0 g glucose to moles. moles = grams/molar mass.
To calculate the molarity of the solution, we need to first determine the number of moles of glucose present in the solution, and then divide it by the volume of the solution in liters.
Step 1: Convert the mass of glucose to moles.
The molar mass of glucose (C6H12O6) is calculated as follows:
(6 * atomic mass of carbon) + (12 * atomic mass of hydrogen) + (6 * atomic mass of oxygen)
= (6 * 12.01 g/mol) + (12 * 1.01 g/mol) + (6 * 16.00 g/mol)
= 72.06 g/mol + 12.12 g/mol + 96.00 g/mol
= 180.18 g/mol
The number of moles of glucose can be calculated using the formula:
moles = mass / molar mass
moles of glucose = 40.0 g / 180.18 g/mol
Step 2: Convert the volume of the solution to liters.
Volume of the solution = 40.0 mL
= 40.0 mL / 1000 mL/L
= 0.0400 L
Step 3: Calculate the molarity.
Molarity (M) is defined as moles of solute per liter of solution.
Molarity = moles of solute / volume of solution (in liters)
Molarity = (moles of glucose) / (volume of solution)
Now we can substitute in the values to calculate the molarity:
Molarity = (40.0 g / 180.18 g/mol) / 0.0400 L
Calculating this equation gives the molarity of the glucose solution.
To calculate the molarity of a solution, you need to know the amount of solute (in moles) and the volume of the solution (in liters). Here's how you can find the molarity of the given solution:
Step 1: Calculate the number of moles of glucose (C6H12O6) using its molar mass:
The molar mass of glucose (C6H12O6) is:
(6 atoms of C * 12.01 g/mol) + (12 atoms of H * 1.01 g/mol) + (6 atoms of O * 16.00 g/mol) = 180.18 g/mol
To convert 40.0 g to moles, divide it by the molar mass:
40.0 g / 180.18 g/mol = 0.222 mol
Step 2: Convert the volume of the solution to liters:
40.0 mL = 40.0 mL * (1 L / 1000 mL) = 0.040 L
Step 3: Calculate the molarity (M) using the formula:
Molarity (M) = moles of solute / volume of solution (in liters)
M = 0.222 mol / 0.040 L = 5.55 M
Therefore, the molarity of the given solution is 5.55 M.