How do structural-functionist view culture? Why do they view it this way? How do conflict theorists view culture? and why do they view it this way?

To understand how structural-functionalists and conflict theorists view culture, we first need to know the foundations of each sociological perspective.

Structural-functionalism is a theoretical framework that focuses on how society is organized and how its parts work together to maintain social equilibrium. It views society as a system comprised of interrelated parts that contribute to the functioning of the whole. According to structural-functionalists, culture is an important element in maintaining social order, as it provides shared values, norms, and beliefs that guide individuals' behavior.

Structural-functionalists view culture as a set of established patterns of behavior, beliefs, and symbols that are passed down from one generation to another. They see culture as a positive force that helps individuals to adapt to their social environment. They believe that culture serves certain functions within society, such as fostering social cohesion, promoting stability, and maintaining social control. For example, cultural norms dictate how people should behave in various social situations, ensuring that individuals understand and perform their roles in society.

On the other hand, conflict theory posits that society is characterized by inherent social inequality and conflict over resources and power. Conflict theorists view culture as a tool used by dominant groups to maintain their power and control over society. They argue that culture reflects the values, beliefs, and interests of the ruling class, while suppressing dissenting viewpoints and perpetuating social inequalities.

Conflict theorists view culture as a means of social control and manipulation, as it influences the way people think, perceive reality, and engage in various social interactions. They argue that culture perpetuates and reinforces social divisions, such as class, race, and gender, by promoting dominant ideologies and values that favor those in power. In this perspective, culture is seen as a source of social inequality and a mechanism for maintaining the status quo.

In summary, structural-functionalists view culture as a positive force that helps maintain social order and stability, while conflict theorists view culture as a tool used by dominant groups to exert control and perpetuate social inequality. Understanding these different sociological perspectives on culture can provide valuable insights into the way societies function and the dynamics of power and inequality within them.