Which sentence below is a cause-effect statement?

Nigerian students and workers often protested during the structural adjustment period.
One of the surprising facts about West Africa is that the Sahara was not always a desert.
Because of their location, the coastal countries of West Africa have many advantages.
The continent of Africa consists of a group of basins set in a vast plateau.

c?

What effect has the herding of animals had on the Sahel?

Grazing has removed the forage, allowing larger plants to grow.
Herding has helped to reverse the desertification of the Sahel.
Overgrazing has destroyed the plants that hold the soil in place.
The Sahel has become the center of western Africa's cattle industry.

d??

What role do West African women play in the region's economy?

Tradition will not allow women to work outside the home.
Women make most of the economic decisions in West Africa's matriarchal society.
Women help grow crops and run local markets.
Women own and run most of the small businesses.

b??

Why is there little movement through the Congo River basin?

The center of the basin is a dense rain forest.
The terrain in the basin is too rugged for easy passage.
Wildlife on the savanna makes it too dangerous to travel.
The basin is covered by a desert.

c??

What factor explains why The Democratic Republic of Congo has been economically unsuccessful?

corrupt national leadership and inefficient use of resources
a lack of natural resources
a lack of rivers that could be used for transportation
poor soil and a dry climate

a??

Why is there little movement through the Congo River basin? It is a dense, tropical forest, with many waterways.

Overgrazing is the primary concern on the Sahel, the land has little carrying capacity.

The correct answers to the questions are as follows:

1. The sentence below that is a cause-effect statement is:
- Nigerian students and workers often protested during the structural adjustment period.
Explanation: The cause in this sentence is the structural adjustment period, which leads to the effect of Nigerian students and workers protesting.

2. The effect of herding animals on the Sahel is:
- Overgrazing has destroyed the plants that hold the soil in place.
Explanation: The herding of animals has led to overgrazing, which has the detrimental effect of destroying the plants that prevent soil erosion in the Sahel.

3. The role that West African women play in the region's economy is:
- Women help grow crops and run local markets.
Explanation: West African women actively participate in the economy by being involved in growing crops and running local markets.

4. There is little movement through the Congo River basin because:
- The terrain in the basin is too rugged for easy passage.
Explanation: The difficult and challenging terrain of the Congo River basin makes it less accessible and limits movement through the area.

5. The factor that explains why The Democratic Republic of Congo has been economically unsuccessful is:
- Corrupt national leadership and inefficient use of resources.
Explanation: The presence of corrupt leadership and inefficient resource management has hindered the economic success of The Democratic Republic of Congo.