how does the light of a nephelometer determine the scatter of particles?
The particles scatter light, some of it goes to a photocell, the photocell generates a current when the photons strike the photosensitive cathode, an amplifier circuit then generates enough current to move a meter. Here is a web page you can read about it.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephelometer
thank you for your help
The light of a nephelometer determines the scatter of particles by using a principle called Mie scattering. Here's an explanation of how it works:
First, let's understand what a nephelometer is. It is a scientific instrument used to measure the concentration and size distribution of suspended particles in a liquid or gas.
In a nephelometer, a beam of light is directed through a sample containing particles. These particles can be solid or liquid, such as dust, smoke, aerosols, or pollutants.
Now, let's discuss Mie scattering. When a beam of light interacts with a particle, it can be absorbed, transmitted, or scattered. Scatter occurs when light interacts with particles that are larger than the wavelength of the incident light. Mie scattering is used to describe the scattering of light by particles that are similar in size to the wavelength of the incident light.
In Mie scattering, the scattered light can be in all directions, but the intensity and direction of scattering depend on various factors, including the size and refractive index of the particles and the wavelength of the incident light.
In a nephelometer, the light source emits a well-defined wavelength of light, typically in the visible or near-visible range. This light beam passes through the sample containing particles. As the light interacts with the particles, Mie scattering occurs, causing some of the light to scatter in different directions.
The nephelometer measures the intensity of this scattered light at specific angles relative to the incident light beam. By detecting and quantifying the scattered light at various angles, the instrument can determine the scatter pattern and intensity of the particles in the sample.
The intensity of scattered light is directly related to the concentration, size, and composition of the particles in the sample. The nephelometer can use this information to calculate the scatter coefficient, which is a measure of the quantity of light scattered per unit mass or volume of particles.
In summary, the light of a nephelometer determines the scatter of particles by utilizing Mie scattering. The instrument emits a defined wavelength of light that interacts with particles in the sample, causing them to scatter light in various directions. By measuring the intensity of scattered light at specific angles, the nephelometer can determine the concentration and size distribution of the particles present.