Select all substances with an acceptor atom that can hydrogen bond to a hydrogen atom that is part of a polar covalent bond.
I2 diiodine
HI hydrogen iodide
KrF4 krypton tetrafluoride
O2 dioxygen
C6H6 benzene
HCl hydrogen chloride
None
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To identify the substances with an acceptor atom that can hydrogen bond to a hydrogen atom in a polar covalent bond, we need to understand what a hydrogen bond is.
A hydrogen bond occurs when a hydrogen atom is covalently bonded to an electronegative atom (usually nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine) and is attracted to another electronegative atom nearby. This attraction is due to the partial positive charge on the hydrogen atom and the partial negative charge on the electronegative atom.
Let's analyze each substance to see if it contains an acceptor atom that can form a hydrogen bond with a hydrogen atom in a polar covalent bond:
1. I2 (diiodine): Diiodine is a non-polar molecule, and it does not contain an electronegative atom capable of forming a hydrogen bond. Therefore, it does not have an acceptor atom.
2. HI (hydrogen iodide): Hydrogen iodide contains an electronegative iodine atom. It can act as an acceptor atom that can form a hydrogen bond with a hydrogen atom. Therefore, it has an acceptor atom for hydrogen bonding.
3. KrF4 (krypton tetrafluoride): KrF4 is a compound composed of krypton and fluorine atoms. It does not contain an electronegative atom that can form a hydrogen bond. Hence, it does not have an acceptor atom.
4. O2 (dioxygen): Dioxygen is a nonpolar molecule made up of two oxygen atoms. Although oxygen is electronegative, it does not contain a hydrogen atom bonded to it. Consequently, O2 does not have an acceptor atom for hydrogen bonding.
5. C6H6 (benzene): Benzene is a nonpolar molecule consisting of carbon and hydrogen atoms. It lacks an electronegative atom capable of forming a hydrogen bond. Hence, it does not have an acceptor atom.
6. HCl (hydrogen chloride): Hydrogen chloride contains an electronegative chlorine atom, which can serve as an acceptor atom for hydrogen bonding. It can form a hydrogen bond with a hydrogen atom. Therefore, it has an acceptor atom.
Based on this analysis, the substances with an acceptor atom that can hydrogen bond to a hydrogen atom in a polar covalent bond are:
- HI (hydrogen iodide)
- HCl (hydrogen chloride)