What percentage of a floating iceberg’s volume is above water? The specific gravity of ice is 0.917 and the specific gravity of the surrounding seawater is 1.025.
Let V be the total iceberg volume and v be the volume below water. You want to calculate
1 - (v/V), expressed as a percent.
According to Archimedes principle,
(ice density)*V = (water density)*v
v/V = 0.917/1.025 = 0.8946
1 - (v/V) = _____
Finish the calculation.
In a Physics laboratory class, an object of mass 2.1 kg, attached by massless strings to two hanging masses, m1= 1.0 kg and m2= 4.0 kg, is free to slide on the surface of the table. the coefficient of kinetic friction between m2 and the table is 0.30. calculate the acceleration of m2.
To find the percentage of a floating iceberg's volume above water, we need to compare the specific gravity of ice to the specific gravity of seawater.
The specific gravity (SG) is defined as the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance, typically water.
Given:
Specific gravity of ice (SG_ice) = 0.917
Specific gravity of seawater (SG_seawater) = 1.025
The buoyancy principle states that an object will float in a fluid if its weight is less than or equal to the buoyant force acting on it.
The buoyant force can be calculated using Archimedes' principle, which states that the buoyant force is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.
Let's assume the iceberg has a mass of 1 unit (this is just an arbitrary value for simplification).
The weight of the iceberg (W_iceberg) = mass x acceleration due to gravity
W_iceberg = 1 x 9.8 (acceleration due to gravity, in m/s^2)
The buoyant force (B_force) is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the iceberg. So, the buoyant force is equal to the weight of the submerged portion of the iceberg.
The weight of the submerged portion (W_submerged) = mass submerged x acceleration due to gravity
The density of water (ρ_water) = 1000 kg/m^3 (approximately)
The volume of the submerged portion (V_submerged) can be calculated using the principle of displacement:
V_submerged = W_iceberg / (ρ_water x g x (SG_ice - SG_seawater))
Using the given values:
V_submerged = 1 / (1000 x 9.8 x (0.917 - 1.025))
Let's calculate this value:
V_submerged = 1 / (-1370.6) = -0.00073 m^3
As we can see, the calculated volume is negative, which indicates that the iceberg is completely submerged. Therefore, there is no portion of the iceberg above water.
To calculate the percentage of a floating iceberg's volume above water, we first need to understand the concept of buoyancy and the principle of Archimedes' law.
Archimedes' law states that when an object is immersed in a fluid, it experiences an upward force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. Based on this principle, we can determine the volume of the iceberg that is submerged by comparing its weight with the weight of the water it displaces.
Now, let's calculate the percentage of the iceberg's volume above water using the given specific gravity values:
1. Calculate the fraction of the iceberg's weight that is submerged:
- The specific gravity of ice is 0.917, meaning ice has a density of 0.917 times that of water.
- The specific gravity of seawater is 1.025, meaning seawater has a density of 1.025 times that of pure water.
- Since the iceberg is floating, the weight of the iceberg is equal to the weight of the water it displaces.
- Therefore, the fraction of the iceberg's weight submerged is equal to the difference in densities: (density of seawater - density of ice) / (density of seawater)
2. Calculate the percentage of the iceberg's volume above water:
- The fraction of the iceberg's weight submerged is equal to the fraction of the iceberg's volume submerged, as density is mass per unit volume.
- Hence, the percentage of the iceberg's volume above water is equal to (1 - fraction of weight submerged) multiplied by 100.
By applying these calculations, we can determine the percentage of a floating iceberg's volume that is above water.