According to the following reaction, how many moles of water will be formed upon the complete reaction of 22.6 grams of hydrochloric acid with excess iron(III) oxide?
hydrochloric acid (aq) + iron(III) oxide (s)--> water (l) + iron(III) chloride (aq)
Fe2O3 (s) + 6HCl (aq) → 2FeCl3(aq) + 3H2O (l)
To find the number of moles of water formed, we'll follow these steps:
1. Calculate the molar mass of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3) using the periodic table:
- Molar mass of HCl = 1.01 g/mol (H: 1.01 g/mol + Cl: 35.45 g/mol)
- Molar mass of Fe2O3 = 159.69 g/mol (Fe: 55.85 g/mol x 2 + O: 16.00 g/mol x 3)
2. Convert the mass of hydrochloric acid to moles:
- Moles of HCl = mass / molar mass
- Moles of HCl = 22.6 g / 36.46 g/mol (molar mass of HCl)
- Moles of HCl ≈ 0.620 mol
3. Determine the stoichiometric ratio between hydrochloric acid and water from the balanced equation:
- 1 mole of HCl produces 1 mole of water
- Therefore, moles of water = moles of HCl = 0.620 mol
Hence, upon the complete reaction of 22.6 grams of hydrochloric acid with excess iron(III) oxide, approximately 0.620 moles of water will be formed.
To determine the moles of water formed in the reaction, we need to use the given mass of hydrochloric acid and convert it into moles. Then, we compare the stoichiometric ratios of the balanced equation to calculate the moles of water formed.
1. Calculate the moles of hydrochloric acid:
To convert grams to moles, we need to divide the given mass by the molar mass of hydrochloric acid (HCl). The molar mass of HCl is calculated as the sum of the atomic masses of hydrogen (H) and chlorine (Cl). The atomic masses of H and Cl are taken from the periodic table.
Molar mass of HCl = atomic mass of H + atomic mass of Cl
= 1.01 g/mol + 35.45 g/mol
= 36.46 g/mol
Now, we can calculate the moles of HCl by dividing the mass of HCl by its molar mass:
moles of HCl = mass of HCl / molar mass of HCl
= 22.6 g / 36.46 g/mol
= 0.619 mol
2. Determine the stoichiometric ratio:
From the balanced equation, we can see that one mole of HCl reacts with one mole of water. Therefore, the ratio of moles of water to moles of HCl is 1:1.
3. Calculate the moles of water formed:
Since the moles of water formed are equal to the moles of HCl, we can conclude that 0.619 moles of water will be formed upon the complete reaction of 22.6 grams of hydrochloric acid with excess iron(III) oxide.