I have to find the correct term that best fits each definition.
1)The "transforming factor" that alters pneumonia bacteria
2)The three parts of every nucleotide
3)A pair of these forms a "rung" in the DNA ladder
4)Used to "label" DNA and protein in experiments
5)The component of a bacteriophage that enters the host cell
6)The substance a phage leave outside of its host cell
7)Attacked by herpes virus
8)A bacterium attacked by T2 phages
The sequence of these encodes DNA information
9)Eukaryotic chromosomes consist this and DNA
10)Links adjacent nucleotides in a polynucleotide chain
11)Links a complementary pair of bases together
I've read the chapter, but still need help. If I find answers to any of these on my own I will post them to see if they are right. If anyone knows a good website, please let me know. My grade is depending in this! Thanks!
I think number 10 is covalent bonds and number 11 is hydrogen bonds.
I also think the number 9 is RNA.
I can help you find the correct terms for each definition! Let's go through them one by one:
1) The "transforming factor" that alters pneumonia bacteria: This refers to the discovery made by Frederick Griffith, where he found that genetic material could be transferred between bacteria, transforming their characteristics. The term you're looking for is "Transforming Principle" or "Transforming Factor".
2) The three parts of every nucleotide: A nucleotide is a basic building block of DNA and RNA. It consists of three parts: a sugar molecule (deoxyribose in DNA, and ribose in RNA), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. So, the three parts of a nucleotide are sugar, phosphate, and base.
3) A pair of these forms a "rung" in the DNA ladder: DNA is composed of two strands that are held together by hydrogen bonds between paired nitrogenous bases. These pairs, specifically adenine (A) with thymine (T) and guanine (G) with cytosine (C), form what are often referred to as "base pairs".
4) Used to "label" DNA and protein in experiments: To label DNA and protein in experiments, researchers often use radioactive or fluorescent tags or markers. These tags can be attached to specific molecules, allowing scientists to track their movement or identify them in various experimental procedures.
5) The component of a bacteriophage that enters the host cell: Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria. They consist of a protein coat called the "capsid" and genetic material, which can be either DNA or RNA. The component of a bacteriophage that enters the host cell is the genetic material (DNA or RNA).
6) The substance a phage leaves outside of its host cell: When bacteriophages infect bacteria, they inject their genetic material into the host cell and reproduce inside it. After replication, the new viral particles assemble and exit the host cell. The substance that a phage leaves outside of its host cell is known as "phage progeny" or "phage offspring".
7) Attacked by herpes virus: The herpes virus is known to attack various tissues in the body, including the skin, mucous membranes, and nerves. It commonly causes infections on the lips (cold sores) and genital region (genital herpes). So, the term you're looking for is "skin, mucous membranes, and nerves".
8) A bacterium attacked by T2 phages: T2 phages are specific viruses that infect and attack certain bacteria. To answer this question, you would need to know the name of a susceptible bacterium. Without that information, it's challenging to provide a specific answer.
9) The sequence of these encodes DNA information: In the context of eukaryotic chromosomes, DNA is the primary carrier of genetic information. The nucleotide sequence of DNA encodes this information.
10) Links adjacent nucleotides in a polynucleotide chain: In a polynucleotide chain, adjacent nucleotides are connected by a type of chemical bond called a phosphodiester bond. This bond forms between the phosphate group of one nucleotide and the sugar molecule of the next nucleotide in the chain.
11) Links a complementary pair of bases together: The complementary pairs of bases (adenine with thymine and guanine with cytosine) in DNA are linked together by hydrogen bonds. These weak bonds allow for the specific base pairing between the two strands of the DNA double helix.
I hope these explanations help you find the correct terms for each question! If you have any more questions or need further assistance, feel free to ask.