nurinalysis is a very common diagnotic test. Decscribe & name the possible adnormal results related to this test. Indicate the disorders that thes adnormal results may suggest.

I mean urinalysis in the question I just posted.

http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/urinalysis/MY00488/DSECTION=results

Urinalysis is a diagnostic test that is performed to analyze the composition and properties of urine, providing valuable information about a person's health. It involves examining physical, chemical, and microscopic aspects of urine to identify any abnormalities. Here are some possible abnormal results that can be seen in urinalysis along with the disorders they may suggest:

1. Color: Abnormal colors of urine such as dark yellow or amber may indicate dehydration, while red or brown colors may suggest blood in the urine, potentially due to urinary tract infections, kidney stones, or kidney diseases.

2. Transparency: Cloudy or turbid urine may be indicative of urinary tract infections, kidney stones, or presence of pus or bacteria in the urine.

3. Odor: Strong or foul-smelling urine can be a sign of urinary tract infections, certain metabolic disorders, or dehydration.

4. pH: Abnormal urine pH levels (acidic or alkaline) may suggest various conditions. Acidic pH could be due to conditions like diabetic ketoacidosis or metabolic acidosis, while alkaline pH may indicate urinary tract infections or urinary stones.

5. Specific Gravity: Higher than normal specific gravity could indicate dehydration, while lower values might suggest conditions like diabetes insipidus or kidney diseases.

6. Glucose: Presence of glucose in urine, known as glucosuria, is abnormal and indicates high blood sugar levels, which can be suggestive of diabetes mellitus.

7. Protein: Increased levels of protein in urine, called proteinuria, may suggest kidney damage or dysfunction, such as in kidney disease or certain systemic disorders like diabetes or hypertension.

8. Ketones: Presence of ketones in urine, known as ketonuria, may indicate diabetic ketoacidosis, uncontrolled diabetes, or starvation.

9. Blood: The presence of blood in urine, known as hematuria, may indicate urinary tract infections, kidney stones, kidney injury, or more serious conditions like bladder or kidney cancer.

10. Cells and Microorganisms: The presence of white blood cells, red blood cells, or bacteria in the urine can suggest urinary tract infections or kidney inflammation.

It's important to note that abnormal urinalysis results alone are not sufficient for a definitive diagnosis. Further medical evaluation and additional tests might be necessary to confirm any suspected disorders.