why is the reaction mixture extracted with sodium bicarbonate?give an equation and explain its relevance.
Would you mind letting us know what it is you're extracting? My crystal ball isn't working very well tonight. :-)
But my best guess, knowing ONLY that NaHCO3 is being used---probably you have a carboxylic acid (RCOOH) in a procedure and the NaHCO3 will neutralize the excess RCOOH.
The reaction mixture is extracted with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) solution because sodium bicarbonate is a commonly used reagent for the extraction of acidic compounds from organic solutions. When an acidic compound is dissolved in the organic solvent, it can be extracted into an aqueous phase by reacting with sodium bicarbonate.
The relevance of using sodium bicarbonate relies on its ability as a weak base to neutralize acidic compounds. In the extraction process, the following reaction occurs:
Acidic compound (in organic phase) + Sodium bicarbonate (in aqueous phase) → Salt (in aqueous phase) + Carbon dioxide + Water
For instance, one commonly encountered acidic compound is benzoic acid (C6H5COOH). When benzoic acid is dissolved in an organic solvent, such as diethyl ether, it can be extracted into an aqueous phase containing sodium bicarbonate solution. The reaction can be represented as:
C6H5COOH (benzoic acid) + NaHCO3 (sodium bicarbonate) → C6H5COONa (sodium benzoate, salt) + CO2 (carbon dioxide) + H2O (water)
The reaction between benzoic acid and sodium bicarbonate forms a water-soluble salt (sodium benzoate) which can be easily separated from the organic solvent. The carbon dioxide gas generated during the reaction can be observed as bubbling or effervescence.
By extracting the acidic compound into the aqueous phase, impurities or unwanted components in the organic solution can be removed, leading to a more purified product. Additionally, this extraction process helps with the separation and purification of the target compound in organic chemistry.
The reaction mixture is commonly extracted with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) in order to remove acidic impurities. This process is known as acid-base extraction.
When an acidic compound is dissolved in water, it dissociates to form hydrogen ions (H+). Sodium bicarbonate is a basic compound that reacts with these hydrogen ions, resulting in the formation of carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), and a salt.
The general equation for this reaction is:
HA (Acid) + NaHCO3 (Base) → CO2 + H2O + NaA (Salt)
The carbon dioxide gas is released as bubbles during the extraction process, while the salt, which is now water-soluble, remains in the water layer. By performing this extraction, acidic impurities are effectively neutralized and removed from the organic phase. This helps in purifying the desired organic compound.