which of the following statements are true?
a) For an acid H-O-A : the greater the electronegativity of A, the weaker the acid HA
b) For an acid H-A : the weaker the H-A bond, the stronger the acid H-A
c) HF is a stronger acid than HCl
d) HClO4 is a weaker acid than HClO2
e) HBrO is a stronger acid than HClO
f) For carboxylic acids : the greater the electronegativities of the atoms in the group bonded to the carboxyl group, the stronger the acid
oh and can someone explain too, also I think c and d are false, e and f are true but I don't know about a and b...
which ones are true? help
a is false. b is true.
c and d are false.
f is true if we are comparing FCH2COOH vs
CH3COOH but I don't know if that is what the statement says or not.
For e, look up Ka for HOBr and HOCl. I find HOCl about 10^-8 and HOBr about 10^-9 which makes HOCl stronger and that agrees with a being false.
To determine which of the statements are true, we need to understand the factors that affect the strength of acids.
a) For an acid H-O-A: the greater the electronegativity of A, the weaker the acid HA
This statement is not true. The greater the electronegativity of A, the stronger the acid HA. The electronegativity of A determines how easily it can hold onto its shared electron, making the bond between A and H more polar and facilitating the release of H+ ion, thus making HA a stronger acid.
b) For an acid H-A: the weaker the H-A bond, the stronger the acid H-A
This statement is true. The strength of an acid depends on the ease with which the H-A bond can be broken to release H+ ion. Weaker bonds can be broken more easily, resulting in a stronger acid.
c) HF is a stronger acid than HCl
This statement is not true. HCl is a stronger acid than HF. The strength of an acid increases with increasing electronegativity of the atom bonded to hydrogen. Since Cl is more electronegative than F, HCl is a stronger acid.
d) HClO4 is a weaker acid than HClO2
This statement is not true. HClO4 is a stronger acid than HClO2. The number of oxygen atoms bonded to the central atom influences the acidity of oxyacids. Generally, the more oxygen atoms present, the stronger the acid. Since HClO4 has more oxygen atoms than HClO2, it is a stronger acid.
e) HBrO is a stronger acid than HClO
This statement is true. The strength of oxyacids increases with increasing electronegativity of the central atom. Since Br is more electronegative than Cl, HBrO is a stronger acid compared to HClO.
f) For carboxylic acids: the greater the electronegativities of the atoms in the group bonded to the carboxyl group, the stronger the acid
This statement is true. The acidity of carboxylic acids is influenced by the electronegativity of the atoms attached to the carboxyl group. The more electronegative the atoms, the more they can pull electron density away from the carboxyl group, stabilizing the resulting carboxylate ion and making the carboxylic acid stronger.