A research article included the following table:
Mean Score on Four Questionnarie Scales Before and After the Experimental Manipulation.
Questionnaire Before After Change
Dominance 18.42 16.31 -2.11
Independence 17.25 21.38 4.13**
Conformity 18.97 17.20 -1.77*
Nurturance 16.11 13.89 -2.22*
_________________________
* p<.05 **p<.01
Which of the following is most likely to be true given the information on this table?
-The hypothesis testing probably used one-tailed test.
-The various scales all probably had just about the same population variances
-The t scores are all larger than the raw change scores.
-The hypothesis testing probably used a t test for dependent means.