Where should I start? I have defined what psychological theories and sociological theories are. But how do I define the 3 acts within these theories?
Apply 2 psychological theories and 2 sociological theories to each of the following three delinquent acts: shoplifting, breaking and entering a home, and car jacking
Why does someone shoplift? Is it a compulsion? Is it because s/he wants the item? Is it because of peer pressure? Obviously, it could be any of these -- or maybe others.
Which psychological and sociological theories explain any of the above causes of shoplifting?
To define the three acts within psychological and sociological theories, you can begin by understanding the general concepts of these theories and then apply them to each delinquent act individually. Here's how you can approach it:
1. Psychological Theories:
Psychological theories focus on individual behavior and the internal factors that influence human actions. When analyzing the delinquent acts of shoplifting, breaking and entering a home, and carjacking, you can apply two different psychological theories to each act. Some commonly used psychological theories in criminology include:
a. Social Learning Theory: This theory suggests that individuals learn behavior through observation, modeling, and reinforcement. To define the act of shoplifting using social learning theory, you can explore how individuals may acquire this behavior by observing others, or through peer pressure and reinforcement.
b. Trait Theory: According to trait theory, certain personality traits or characteristics predispose individuals to engage in criminal behavior. For instance, in the context of carjacking, you can examine how impulsivity, low self-control, or a lack of empathy may contribute to this act.
2. Sociological Theories:
Sociological theories focus on the broader social factors that influence human behavior, including social structures, institutions, and cultural norms. When analyzing the delinquent acts through a sociological lens, you can apply two different sociological theories to each act. Some commonly used sociological theories in criminology include:
a. Strain Theory: This theory posits that an individual's likelihood of engaging in criminal behavior results from the strain caused by a lack of access to legitimate means of achieving socially valued goals. To analyze breaking and entering a home using strain theory, you can examine how socioeconomic inequalities or limited opportunities may lead individuals to resort to criminal acts.
b. Social Control Theory: Social control theory suggests that individuals are less likely to engage in delinquent behavior when they are strongly bonded to society and have strong social bonds, such as strong family relationships, educational opportunities, or involvement in positive social institutions. You can analyze shoplifting within the framework of social control theory by exploring how weak social bonds or lack of attachments may contribute to this act.
By applying these theories to each delinquent act, you can define the 3 acts and gain a deeper understanding of the psychological and sociological factors that may influence them. Remember to reference specific concepts, research, or empirical evidence to support your analysis.