A man is shot in the head, and the bullet stops just outside the dura mater. What is
the innermost layer that the bullet has penetrated?
A. Skin C. Fat
B. Bone D. Periosteum
The dura mater is a thick, tough
membrane that contains channels for blood to pass into the
brain tissue.
I'm thinking (A) but not sure
I pretty sure the answer is Bone now.
Thanks!
bone
1. A 67-year-old man is diagnosed with cancer and subsequently
undergoes chemotherapy. As an expected side effect of
chemotherapy, his bone marrow stops functioning. What is a
potential consequence of this loss of function?
A. His calcium levels will decrease.
B. He’ll suffer bone fractures even after minor trauma.
C. His potassium levels will increase.
D. He’ll have inadequate levels of blood cells.
2. What is the best available treatment for hypothyroidism?
A. Increased dietary iodine
B. Supplementary thyroid hormone
C. Avoidance of certain drugs
D. Thyroid gland transplantation
3. Which one the following bones is part of the appendicular skeleton?
A. Occipital bone
B. Ulna
C. Maxilla
D. Sternum
4. Identify the concept behind the negative feedback system.
A. A low level of a hormone causes the gland to increase secretion of the hormone.
B. A low level of a hormone causes the gland to decrease secretion of the hormone.
C. A low level of a hormone causes another gland to secrete a similar hormone.
D. A low level of a hormone prevents the kidneys from excreting the hormone.
5. What is the medical term for the kneecap?
A. Tarsus
B. Femur
C. Tibia
D. Patella
6. A 63-year-old man has become progressively hard of hearing. He’s a retired airplane
mechanic. He also notices a lot of wax in his ears. What kind of hearing loss is this man
likely to have?
A. Conductive
B. Infectious
C. Conductive and sensorineural
D. Infectious and sensorineural
7. A simple movement of your hand requires coordination of which three body systems?
A. Respiratory, muscular, skeletal
B. Muscular, endocrine, respiratory
C. Nervous, muscular, skeletal
D. Endocrine, circulatory, skeletal
8. Which part of the ear is normally filled with fluid to aid in the transmission of sound waves?
A. Auditory canal
B. Cochlea
C. Semicircular canals
D. Malleus
9. How long can cardiac muscle be deprived of oxygen before the cardiac muscle cells start
to die?
A. 30 seconds
B. 40 seconds
C. 1 minute
D. 2 minutes
10. A person with an injury to the extrinsic muscles of the eye would find it difficult to
A. focus light onto the retina.
B. interpret visual input.
C. move the eyeball.
D. control the amount of light entering the eye.
11. A seven-year-old boy breaks his tibia and requires immobilization by a hard cast for six
weeks until the break heals. A potential consequence of this therapy is atrophy of the
A. pectoralis major.
B. serratus anterior.
C. gastrocnemius.
D. trapezius.
12. A young man happens to spot an ex-girlfriend he’s trying to avoid. Why does his mouth
become dry?
A. His cervical plexus overrides the parasympathetic stimulation for saliva production.
B. His cranial nerves shut down saliva production.
C. His central nervous system shuts down saliva production.
D. His sympathetic nervous system overrides the parasympathetic stimulation for
saliva production.
13. What process describes how a signal travels from one end of a neuron to the other end?
A. Hormonal regulation
B. Muscle coordination
C. Membrane excitability
D. Neurotransmitter release
14. A 15-year-old gymnast falls and suffers an injury to her brachial plexus. What action might
now be difficult for her?
A. Extending her neck
B. Extending her wrist
C. Flexing her knee
D. Flexing her foot
15. A man is shot in the head, and the bullet stops just outside the dura mater. What is the
innermost layer that the bullet has penetrated?
A. Skin
B. Bone
C. Fat
D. Periosteum
16. The portion of the nervous system that controls involuntary activities is a subdivision of the
_______ nervous system.
A. sympathetic
B. central
C. peripheral
D. parasympathetic
17. The hypothalamus considered the “brain of the brain” because it
A. controls voluntary movement.
B. produces cerebrospinal fluid.
C. regulates vital body functions.
D. Imaintains balance.
18. Which part of the brain is responsible for the maintenance of muscle tone and the
coordination of muscle movements?
A. Midbrain
B. Hypothalamus
C. Hippocampus
D. Cerebellum
19. The three membranous coverings that protect the brain and spinal cord are called
A. sulci.
B. meninges.
C. pons.
D. gyri.
20. A 60-year-old woman is diagnosed with a tumor in her left temporal lobe. The surgeons
remove the tumor along with a large portion of her temporal lobe. After surgery, the
woman might have difficulty with
A. moving her arms.
B. speaking fluently.
C. sensing pain.
D. detecting odors.
21. Impairment of the vagus nerve may affect the ability to move the
A. throat.
B. eyes.
C. tongue.
D. face.
22. A 36-year-old woman has a disease that affects the levels of acetylcholine in her synapses
and neuromuscular junctions. What is a potential consequence of this disease?
A. Deterioration of the sodium-potassium pump
B. Abnormal conduction of signals from neurons to muscles
C. Inability of neurons to depolarize
D. Malfunction of the myelin sheath
23. A secretary who experiences pain, swelling, and tingling sensations in her hands and arms
may suffer from
A. neuritis.
B. carpal tunnel syndrome.
C. Bell’s palsy.
D. trigeminal neuralgia.
24. In addition to the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane, a single neuron possesses
A. several dendrites and one axon.
B. one dendrite and several axons.
C. many nuclei and one neurilemma.
D. one nucleus and many neurilemma.
25. A problem with the _______ plexus may cause pain in the posterior part of the thigh.
A. sacral
B. lumbar
C. cervical
D. brachial
26. Muscles are attached to bones by
A. ligaments.
B. nerves.
C. cartilage.
D. tendons.
21. Impairment of the vagus nerve may affect the ability to move the
A. throat.
B. eyes.
C. tongue.
D. face.
22. A 36-year-old woman has a disease that affects the levels of acetylcholine in her synapses
and neuromuscular junctions. What is a potential consequence of this disease?
A. Deterioration of the sodium-potassium pump
B. Abnormal conduction of signals from neurons to muscles
C. Inability of neurons to depolarize
D. Malfunction of the myelin sheath
23. A secretary who experiences pain, swelling, and tingling sensations in her hands and arms
may suffer from
A. neuritis.
B. carpal tunnel syndrome.
C. Bell’s palsy.
D. trigeminal neuralgia.
24. In addition to the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane, a single neuron possesses
A. several dendrites and one axon.
B. one dendrite and several axons.
C. many nuclei and one neurilemma.
D. one nucleus and many neurilemma.
25. A problem with the _______ plexus may cause pain in the posterior part of the thigh.
A. sacral
B. lumbar
C. cervical
D. brachial
26. Muscles are attached to bones by
A. ligaments.
B. nerves.
C. cartilage.
D. tendons.
27. Which one of the following is the correct sequence of structures through which visual
stimuli are sent to the brain?
A. Cornea, pupil, lens, retina, optic nerve, and occipital lobe
B. Pupil, cornea, lens, retina, optic nerve, and occipital lobe
C. Cornea, pupil, lens, retina, optic nerve, and parietal lobe
D. Pupil, cornea, retina, lens, optic nerve, and occipital lobe
28. The muscle contractions that propel food through your intestines are controlled by the
_______ nervous system.
A. central
B. autonomic
C. peripheral
D. voluntary
29. Which one of the following is the correct sequence of structures through which sound
waves are sent to the brain?
A. Pinna, auditory canal, middle ear, eardrum, cochlea, vestibulocochlear nerve,
temporal lobe
B. Pinna, auditory canal, eardrum, middle ear, vestibulocochlear nerve, cochlea,
temporal lobe
C. Pinna, auditory canal, eardrum, middle ear, semicircular canals, vestibulocochlear
nerve, temporal lobe
D. Pinna, auditory canal, eardrum, middle ear, cochlea, vestibulocochlear nerve,
temporal lobe
30. When you do a push-up from the floor, what kind of movement describes the motion of
your elbow?
A. Abduction
B. Rotation
C. Extension
D. Flexion
31. A 6-year-old boy is noticeably taller than his classmates. He stands 5 feet, 7 inches tall.
What glandular problem do you suspect he may have?
A. Dysfunction of the thyroid gland
B. Accessory pituitary gland
C. Accessory thyroid gland
D. Dysfunction of the pituitary gland
32. Three pairs of our ribs are called “false ribs” because
A. the cartilage connects them to another rib instead of to the sternum.
B. they’re attached to the anterior of the vertebral body.
C. they’re attached to the posterior of the vertebral body.
D. they’re not connected to the costal cartilage or the sternum.
33. A 50-year-old woman reports in her medical history that her mother has hypothyroidism,
so the woman is concerned about having the condition as well. Which of the following
symptoms would suggest that she does indeed have hypothyroidism?
A. She often feels hot even when the room is cool.
B. She continues to gain weight despite a rigorous diet and exercise program.
C. Her breasts are secreting milk spontaneously.
D. She suffers from increased blood pressure and heartbeat.
34. The formation of blood cells is called
A. hemopoiesis.
B. mitosis.
C. meiosis.
D. diaphysis.
35. The __________ gland regulates the function of many other endocrine glands.
A. thymus
B. pituitary
C. thyroid
D. adrenal
1. D Correct
2. B Correct
3. B Correct
4. A Correct
5. D Correct
6. C Correct
7. C Correct
8. B Correct
9. A Correct
10. C Correct
11. C Correct
12. D Correct
13. C Correct
14. B Correct
15. B Correct
16. C Correct
17. C Correct
18. D Correct
19. B Correct
20. D Correct
21. A Correct
22. B Correct
23. B Correct
24. A Correct
25. A Correct
26. D Correct
27. A Correct
28. B Correct
29. D Correct
30. C Correct
31. D Correct
32. A Correct
33. B Correct
34. A Correct
35. B Correct
To determine the innermost layer that the bullet has penetrated, we need to understand the layers of the skull and the structures surrounding the brain.
The layers of the skull from outermost to innermost are:
1. Skin
2. Fat
3. Bone (skull)
4. Dura mater
The bullet has stopped just outside the dura mater, which means it hasn't penetrated the dura mater itself, but it has gone through the other layers.
Based on this information, the innermost layer that the bullet has likely penetrated is the B. Bone (skull). The bullet has likely passed through the skin, fat, and bone layers, but has been stopped just before reaching the dura mater.
So, the correct answer to the question is B. Bone.