Which fact provides the best evidence for the scientific theory of the evolutionary development of life on the earth?
a. fossils are found almost exclusively in sedimentary rocks
b. characterisitcs of simpler forms of life can be found in more complex forms of life
c. only a small percentage of living things have been preserved as fossils
d. most species of life on the earth have become extinct
why is it a?
the answer is a because fossils are only found in sedimentary rocks. In an ignous or metamorphic rock the fossil cannot be preserved because it would have melted because of the lava.
b. characteristics of simpler forms of life can be found in more complex forms of life
This fact provides the best evidence for the scientific theory of the evolutionary development of life on Earth because it suggests a common ancestry and gradual progression of life forms. The presence of shared characteristics between simpler and more complex organisms is consistent with the idea that more complex organisms evolved from simpler ones over time through a process of natural selection and adaptation.
The best evidence for the scientific theory of the evolutionary development of life on Earth can be determined by understanding the key principles and observations of this theory.
The theory of evolution proposes that species evolve and change over time through a process of natural selection, resulting in the diversity of life that we see today. To identify the fact that provides the best evidence for this theory, let's evaluate each option:
a. Fossils are found almost exclusively in sedimentary rocks: This fact relates to the preservation of ancient life forms in rock layers. Fossils found in sedimentary rocks provide a record of past life on Earth. While this fact supports the idea of ancient life, it does not directly demonstrate the evolutionary development of life.
b. Characteristics of simpler forms of life can be found in more complex forms of life: This concept, known as the principle of homology, suggests that similarities observed between different species can indicate evolutionary relationships and common ancestry. The presence of similar anatomical structures or genetic sequences in different species supports the idea of common descent and therefore provides evidence for the evolutionary development of life.
c. Only a small percentage of living things have been preserved as fossils: This fact highlights the incomplete fossil record. While it is true that only a fraction of organisms become fossils, this does not directly provide evidence for evolution. It primarily reflects the nature of fossilization processes and the challenges in preserving organisms over extended periods.
d. Most species of life on Earth have become extinct: This fact points out the phenomenon of extinction, where species cease to exist. Extinction plays a fundamental role in shaping the history of life on Earth. It indicates that organisms must adapt and change to survive in their changing environments, a key element of the theory of evolution. The occurrence of widespread extinction events throughout Earth's history supports the idea of an ever-changing and evolving world.
Based on the explanations above, option (d) – most species of life on Earth have become extinct – provides the best evidence for the scientific theory of the evolutionary development of life on Earth. It demonstrates the dynamic nature of life and the need for species to adapt, evolve, or face extinction in response to changing environmental conditions.