If 2.40 g of CuSO4 is dissolved in 8.57 x 10^2 mL of 0.360 M NH3, calculate the concentrations of Cu^2+, NH3, and Cu(NH3)4^2+????
Don't even know where to start.
Write the equation.
Convert 2.40 g CuSO4 to moles. Convert M and mL NH3 to moles.
Make an ICE chart using moles.
Convert moles of each to M. Post your work if you get stuck.
To calculate the concentrations of Cu^2+, NH3, and Cu(NH3)4^2+, we need to use some concepts from chemistry. Let's break down the problem step by step:
1. First, we need to determine the number of moles of CuSO4 dissolved in the solution. We can do this by using the formula:
Moles of solute = Mass of solute / Molar mass of solute
The molar mass of CuSO4 can be calculated:
Cu = 63.55 g/mol
S = 32.07 g/mol
O = 16.00 g/mol (4 oxygen atoms in CuSO4)
Molar mass of CuSO4 = Cu + S + (O x 4) = 63.55 + 32.07 + (16.00 x 4) = 159.61 g/mol
Moles of CuSO4 = 2.40 g / 159.61 g/mol
2. Next, we need to calculate the volume of the NH3 solution in liters. The given volume is in milliliters, so we need to convert it:
Volume of NH3 solution = 8.57 x 10^2 mL = 8.57 x 10^2 mL x (1 L / 1000 mL) = 0.857 L
3. Now, we can use the volume and molarity of the NH3 solution to calculate the moles of NH3:
Moles of NH3 = Volume of NH3 solution (in L) x Molarity of NH3
Moles of NH3 = 0.857 L x 0.360 mol/L
4. The stoichiometry of the reaction allows us to determine the number of moles of Cu^2+ and Cu(NH3)4^2+ produced from the reaction between CuSO4 and NH3. The balanced equation for the reaction is:
CuSO4 + 4NH3 → Cu(NH3)4^2+ + SO4^2-
From the equation, we can see that 1 mole of CuSO4 produces 1 mole of Cu(NH3)4^2+ and we need 4 moles of NH3 for every mole of Cu(NH3)4^2+.
5. Hence, the moles of Cu(NH3)4^2+ formed will be equal to the moles of NH3 used. And since 1 mole of Cu(NH3)4^2+ corresponds to 1 mole of Cu^2+, the moles of Cu^2+ will also be equal to the moles of NH3 used.
6. Finally, we can calculate the concentrations of Cu^2+, NH3, and Cu(NH3)4^2+:
Concentration of Cu^2+ = Moles of Cu^2+ / Volume of NH3 solution (in L)
Concentration of NH3 = Moles of NH3 / Volume of NH3 solution (in L)
Concentration of Cu(NH3)4^2+ = Moles of Cu(NH3)4^2+ / Volume of NH3 solution (in L)
Now, you can substitute the values calculated in steps 1, 3, and 4 to find the concentrations of Cu^2+, NH3, and Cu(NH3)4^2+.