The data in the following table represent time-study observations on a new operation with three work elements. On the basis of these observations, find the standard time for the process. Assume an 8% allowance factor.
Element-1,2,3.
Performance Rating-105%,90%,115%.
Observation (seconds per cycle
1)110.2,114.7,109.2
2)110.8,115.7,109.3
3)112.3,114.8,109.2
4)108.7,114.2,108.9
To find the standard time for the process, we will follow the following steps:
Step 1: Calculate the average time for each work element.
- Add up the observation times for each work element and divide by the number of observations to get the average time for each element.
For Element 1:
(110.2 + 110.8 + 112.3 + 108.7) / 4 = 110.5 seconds
For Element 2:
(114.7 + 115.7 + 114.8 + 114.2) / 4 = 114.85 seconds
For Element 3:
(109.2 + 109.3 + 109.2 + 108.9) / 4 = 109.15 seconds
Step 2: Adjust the average times for performance rating.
- Multiply each average time by its respective performance rating.
For Element 1:
110.5 * 105% = 116.025 seconds
For Element 2:
114.85 * 90% = 103.365 seconds
For Element 3:
109.15 * 115% = 125.6225 seconds
Step 3: Calculate the normal time for the process.
- Add up the adjusted times for each work element to get the normal time.
116.025 + 103.365 + 125.6225 = 344.0125 seconds
Step 4: Calculate the standard time with the allowance factor.
- Multiply the normal time by (1 + allowance factor).
Allowance factor = 8% = 0.08
Standard time = 344.0125 * (1 + 0.08) = 372.41625 seconds
Therefore, the standard time for the process is approximately 372.41625 seconds.