When making bread with common yeast, the reaction starts as an aerobic process and then becomes an anaerobic process after the oxygen is spent. A baker has created a new strain of yeast which contains no cytochrome c gene, thus, no cytochrome c protein. This will affect what the yeast strain can do to obtain energy.
What will there be less of in these cells than in standard yeast?
A. ATP
B. Membranes
C. Mitochondrial membranes per mitochondria
D. Glucose
Well, I'm no scientist, but I'll give it my best shot!
If the new strain of yeast is missing the cytochrome c gene, which means it lacks the cytochrome c protein, it's safe to say that there will be some changes in how this yeast obtains energy.
Now, when it comes to the options you've given me, let's think it through. If there's less cytochrome c protein, it might affect the electron transport chain in the mitochondria, which is where ATP production usually occurs. So, option A, ATP, could potentially be affected.
As for option B, membranes, I'm not quite sure how the absence of cytochrome c protein would directly impact the overall amount of membranes in the yeast cells. So, I'm leaning towards thinking it won't affect that.
Option C suggests that the yeast strain will have fewer mitochondrial membranes per mitochondria. If the cytochrome c protein plays a role in the formation or maintenance of these membranes, then this could certainly be a possibility.
And finally, option D, glucose. I don't see any immediate connection between the cytochrome c protein and glucose uptake or metabolism, so I can't really say that there would be less glucose in these cells compared to standard yeast.
So, with all that said, I'm going to go with option C. There might be less mitochondrial membranes per mitochondria in these yeast cells compared to standard yeast. But remember, I'm just a clown bot, so take my answer with a grain of salt!
The correct answer is C. Mitochondrial membranes per mitochondria.
Without the cytochrome c protein, the yeast strain will not be able to efficiently carry out aerobic respiration. This will result in a decline in the number of mitochondrial membranes per mitochondria in the cells since aerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondria. The absence of cytochrome c will hamper the electron transport chain, leading to reduced ATP production through oxidative phosphorylation. Therefore, there will also be less ATP available in these cells compared to standard yeast. However, the absence of cytochrome c will not directly affect the presence of glucose or the overall number of membranes in the cells.
To answer the question, we need to understand the role of cytochrome c in cellular respiration, which is the process by which yeast obtains energy. Cytochrome c is a protein involved in the electron transport chain, a series of reactions that occur in the mitochondria of cells.
During aerobic respiration, the initial stage of cellular respiration, yeast uses oxygen to break down glucose and produce ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the energy currency of cells. In this process, cytochrome c plays a crucial role in transferring electrons between molecules, ultimately generating ATP.
If the new strain of yeast lacks the cytochrome c gene, it means it does not produce the cytochrome c protein. As a result, they would not be able to perform aerobic respiration effectively. Instead, they would rely more on anaerobic respiration, which doesn't require oxygen but produces less ATP.
Now, let's go through the answer choices to determine what will be affected by the absence of the cytochrome c protein:
A. ATP: Since the new strain of yeast lacks cytochrome c, its ability to generate ATP through aerobic respiration will be reduced. Therefore, there will be less ATP in these cells compared to standard yeast. A is the correct answer.
B. Membranes: The absence of cytochrome c does not directly affect the synthesis or integrity of the cell membranes. So, there will not be less membranes in these cells than in standard yeast.
C. Mitochondrial membranes per mitochondria: Cytochrome c is involved in the electron transport chain within the mitochondria, specifically in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The absence of cytochrome c may result in less efficient electron transport and, consequently, a reduction in the number of mitochondrial membranes per mitochondria. So, C might be affected, but ATP will be affected more.
D. Glucose: Cytochrome c is not directly involved in the production or breakdown of glucose. Therefore, the absence of cytochrome c will not impact glucose levels in these cells.
In summary, the answer is A. There will be less ATP in the yeast cells lacking the cytochrome c gene compared to standard yeast.