Which if the following has the greatest number of particles
4g of lithium (atomic mass of li=7)
4g of chlorine gas (cl2) (atomic mass of cl=35.5)
4g of hydrogen gas (h2) (atomic mass of h=1)
4g of water (atomic mass of h=1, atomic mass of o= 16
The lightest molecule.
which is greatest?
3/7
4/(2*35.5)
4/(2*1)
4/(2*1+16)
Good
To determine which substance has the greatest number of particles, we need to calculate the number of particles (atoms or molecules) present in each sample. The number of particles can be determined using Avogadro's number and the molar mass of each substance.
First, let's calculate the number of particles in each sample using the formula:
Number of particles = (mass in grams) / (molar mass) * Avogadro's number
1. Lithium (Li):
Mass = 4g
Molar mass of Li = 7g/mol
Avogadro's number = 6.022 × 10^23 particles/mol
Number of particles of Li = (4g) / (7g/mol) * (6.022 × 10^23 particles/mol)
2. Chlorine gas (Cl2):
Mass = 4g
Molar mass of Cl2 = 2 * 35.5g/mol = 71g/mol (Cl2 has two chlorine atoms, so we double the molar mass of Cl)
Avogadro's number = 6.022 × 10^23 particles/mol
Number of particles of Cl2 = (4g) / (71g/mol) * (6.022 × 10^23 particles/mol)
3. Hydrogen gas (H2):
Mass = 4g
Molar mass of H2 = 2 * 1g/mol = 2g/mol (H2 has two hydrogen atoms, so we double the molar mass of H)
Avogadro's number = 6.022 × 10^23 particles/mol
Number of particles of H2 = (4g) / (2g/mol) * (6.022 × 10^23 particles/mol)
4. Water (H2O):
Mass = 4g
Molar mass of H2O = 2 * 1g/mol + 16g/mol = 18g/mol (H2O has two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom)
Avogadro's number = 6.022 × 10^23 particles/mol
Number of particles of H2O = (4g) / (18g/mol) * (6.022 × 10^23 particles/mol)
By performing the calculations, you can compare the resulting number of particles for each substance to determine which has the greatest number of particles.