a) Explain stationary phase and mobile phase in thin-layer chromatography.
b) In thin layer chromatography, the stationary phase is made of _________ and
the mobile phase is made of _________. Write the correct answer.
Liquid
The stationary phase is silica gel or alumina (Al2O3).
The mobile phase is a liquid. The choice of the liquid depends upon the mixture to be separated.
a) In thin-layer chromatography (TLC), the stationary phase refers to the solid or rigid support on which the sample is applied. This phase does not move during the chromatographic process. It can consist of materials such as a thin layer of silica gel, alumina, or cellulose placed on a glass plate or any other suitable substrate.
On the other hand, the mobile phase refers to the liquid or gas that moves or flows over the stationary phase, carrying the sample along with it. The mobile phase helps in the separation of the sample components based on their individual interactions with the stationary phase. It typically consists of a solvent or a mixture of solvents that can be allowed to flow or can be vaporized to achieve separation.
b) In thin-layer chromatography (TLC), the stationary phase is made of a thin layer of silica gel, alumina, or cellulose applied on a glass plate or any other suitable substrate.
The mobile phase is made of a suitable solvent or a mixture of solvents that can flow or vaporize over the stationary phase to carry the sample components along. The specific choice of the mobile phase depends on various factors such as the nature of the sample and the target compounds to be separated.
a) In thin-layer chromatography (TLC), the stationary phase refers to the solid support where the sample mixture is applied. It is typically a thin layer of an adsorbent material, such as silica gel or alumina, coated onto a glass or plastic plate. The stationary phase can selectively interact with the components of the mixture based on their different affinities, allowing for separation.
On the other hand, the mobile phase is the liquid or gas that carries the sample components across the stationary phase. It flows or moves through the stationary phase, facilitating the migration of the analytes present in the mixture. The mobile phase can be a solvent or a mixture of solvents that can dissolve the mixture and elute its components.
b) In thin layer chromatography, the stationary phase is typically made of an adsorbent material such as silica gel (SiO2) or alumina (Al2O3) coated on a glass or plastic plate.
The mobile phase, on the other hand, is made of a suitable solvent or a mixture of solvents that can carry the components of the mixture across the stationary phase. Common mobile phases used in TLC include organic solvents like hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, or mixtures of these solvents in different proportions, depending on the specific mixture being analyzed and the desired separation.