1. Which law gives the force between two objects that is related to their mass and distance?
A. Newton's law of gravitation
B. Coulomb's law
C. Kepler's law
D. Newton's second law of motion
2. What is the property that allows a positive proton and a negative electron to feel an attraction between each other?
A. Mass
B. Charge
C. Spin
D. Weight
3. In which case would there be an electrostatic force between two objects?
A. two neutral objects
B. a negatively charged object and a neutral object
C. two positively charged objects
D. a positively charged object and a neutral object
4. Which statement is correct about the electronstatic force?
A. It depends on the mass of the charge
B. It can have a positive or negative value
C. It is independent of the distance between charges
D. It is only observed between two electrons
5. In the simulation, the two charges are both set to +4 μC. Then one of the charges is changed to −4 μC. Which statement describes the situation?
A. The electostatic force changes from attractice to repulsive.
B. The electrostatic force is originally attractice and stays attractive.
C. The electostatic force is originally repulsive and stays repulsive.
D. The electostatic force changes from repulsive to attractive.
1. A
2. B
3. B
4. C
5. D
1. To determine which law gives the force between two objects that is related to their mass and distance, we need to understand the concepts of mass and distance in relation to the force. Newton's law of gravitation states that the force between two objects is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers. This means that as the mass of the objects increases, or as the distance between them decreases, the force between them will also increase. Therefore, the correct answer is A. Newton's law of gravitation.
2. To determine the property that allows a positive proton and a negative electron to feel an attraction between each other, we need to consider the fundamental properties of particles. Mass refers to the amount of matter in an object and does not directly relate to the attraction between particles. Spin is an intrinsic property of particles that does not directly affect their interaction with each other. Weight is the force experienced by an object due to gravity and is not relevant to the interaction of particles. However, charge is a fundamental property of particles that determines their interaction with other charged particles. Opposite charges attract each other, and since a positive proton and a negative electron have opposite charges, they will feel an attraction between each other. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Charge.
3. To determine in which case there would be an electrostatic force between two objects, we need to consider the nature of charges and how they interact with each other. Objects with neutral charges have an equal number of positive and negative charges, which cancel each other out, resulting in no net charge. Therefore, there would be no electrostatic force between two neutral objects (option A). However, a negatively charged object has an excess of negative charges, while a neutral object has an equal number of positive and negative charges. Since opposite charges attract each other, there would be an electrostatic force between a negatively charged object and a neutral object (option B). Similarly, two positively charged objects (option C) would also experience an electrostatic force. Therefore, the correct answer is B. A negatively charged object and a neutral object.
4. To determine which statement is correct about the electrostatic force, we need to consider the properties of the force and how it behaves. The electrostatic force between charged objects depends on multiple factors, but it does not depend on the mass of the charge (option A). The force is determined by the magnitude of the charges and the distance between them, but not the mass of the charges. The electrostatic force can have a positive or negative value (option B) depending on the charges involved. Like charges repel each other, resulting in a positive force, while opposite charges attract each other, resulting in a negative force. The force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between charges, meaning it decreases as the distance increases (option C). Finally, the electrostatic force is not only observed between two electrons (option D), but it can occur between any charged particles. Therefore, the correct answer is C. It is independent of the distance between charges.
5. To determine the situation described when two charges are changed from +4 μC to −4 μC, we need to consider the nature of charges and how they interact with each other. Opposite charges attract each other, while like charges repel each other. Initially, when both charges are set to +4 μC, they have the same charge and therefore repel each other. However, when one charge is changed to −4 μC, it becomes the opposite charge, resulting in an attractive force between the charges. Therefore, the electrostatic force changes from repulsive to attractive (option D). Therefore, the correct answer is D. The electrostatic force changes from repulsive to attractive.