Stages 2 and 3 of the demographic transition are similar in that
A.
both have high birth rates
B.
both have declining death rates
C.
both have high life expectancies
D.
both include increasing dependency ratios
E.
both include people more likely to live in cities
both have declining death rates
The correct answer is C. both have high life expectancies.
In stage 2 of the demographic transition, birth rates remain high, but death rates start to decline due to improvements in healthcare, sanitation, and nutrition. As a result, life expectancies increase, leading to a higher average age of the population.
In stage 3 of the demographic transition, birth rates start to decline due to various factors such as urbanization, improved education, and increased access to family planning. However, death rates continue to decline, leading to further increases in life expectancies.
Therefore, both stage 2 and stage 3 of the demographic transition are similar in that they have high life expectancies.
To determine the similarities between stages 2 and 3 of the demographic transition, we can analyze each option and see which one fits.
A. Both have high birth rates: This is not correct. Stage 2 of the demographic transition is characterized by high birth rates, but in stage 3, birth rates start to decline.
B. Both have declining death rates: This is correct. In both stage 2 and stage 3, there is a decline in death rates due to improvements in healthcare, sanitation, and access to education.
C. Both have high life expectancies: This is not correct. While life expectancies increase from stage 1 to stage 2, in stage 3, life expectancies start to stabilize rather than being characterized by high values.
D. Both include increasing dependency ratios: This is not correct. The dependency ratio refers to the number of non-working individuals (such as children and the elderly) compared to the working-age population. In stage 2, the dependency ratio is high due to the high birth rates, but in stage 3, it starts to decrease as birth rates decline and people live longer.
E. Both include people more likely to live in cities: This is not correct. The likelihood of living in cities is not directly tied to a specific stage of the demographic transition. Urbanization may increase overall, but it depends on various factors such as industrialization, economic development, and urban planning.
Based on the analysis, the correct answer is B. Both stages 2 and 3 of the demographic transition are similar in that they both have declining death rates.