What is the difference between Thomson's Plum pudding Model and Rutherford's Atomic model of scattering
Plz plz plz find for me........... This is sooooooooo tough and miss has asked it in Revision
Jo answer batayega usko 1 like milega.đź‘Ťđź‘Ťđź‘Ťbata do yaaar
Thomson's Plum pudding Model and Rutherford's Atomic Model of scattering are two different models that were proposed to understand the structure of atoms. Here is an explanation of each model and their differences:
1. Thomson's Plum pudding Model:
- Proposed by J.J. Thomson in 1904, this model suggested that atoms are composed of a positively charged "pudding" or cloud-like substance, with negatively charged electrons embedded within it, like plums in a pudding.
- According to this model, the positively charged pudding represents the overall positive charge of the atom, while the negatively charged electrons balance out the positive charge to keep the atom electrically neutral.
- The model explained the observed phenomenon of cathode rays (streams of electrons) and provided the first insight into the existence of subatomic particles.
2. Rutherford's Atomic Model of scattering:
- Proposed by Ernest Rutherford in 1911, this model was based on his famous gold foil experiment, where he bombarded a thin gold foil with alpha particles.
- Rutherford observed that most of the alpha particles passed straight through the foil, but a small fraction of particles were deflected at large angles.
- Based on these results, Rutherford concluded that atoms have a tiny, dense, and positively charged nucleus at the center, which contains most of the mass of the atom.
- He also proposed that the negatively charged electrons orbit around the nucleus, much like the planets around the sun.
Differences between the two models:
1. Distribution of charge: In Thomson's Plum pudding Model, the positive charge is distributed uniformly throughout the atom, while the negative electrons are embedded within it. In contrast, Rutherford's model proposed that the positive charge is concentrated in a small, dense nucleus at the center of the atom, with the negatively charged electrons orbiting around it.
2. Experimental evidence: The Plum pudding Model was based on Thomson's experiments with cathode rays and the observation that atoms were electrically neutral. Rutherford's model was based on the gold foil experiment, which provided evidence for the existence of a small, dense nucleus.
3. Nucleus: Rutherford's model introduced the concept of a nucleus, which was not present in Thomson's model. The nucleus contains most of the mass of the atom and is positively charged.
In summary, Thomson's Plum pudding Model considered the atom to be a uniform distribution of positive charge with embedded electrons, while Rutherford's Atomic Model of scattering proposed a dense, positively charged nucleus at the center, with electrons orbiting around it. Rutherford's model provided experimental evidence for the existence of the nucleus and brought about a major shift in our understanding of atomic structure.