1. Some students conduct an experiment to prove conservation of momentum. They use two objects that collide. Measurements are taken before and after the collision.

Which quantities should be measured before and after the collision?
A. Velocity and time.
B. Mass and velocity.
C. Acceleration and time.
D. Mass and acceleration.

2. In a closed system, two moving bodies collide. There are no external forces acting on the system.

How does the total momentum of the system before the collision compare with the total momentum of the system after the collision?
A. The total momentum after the collision is zero, while the total momentum before the collision is nonzero.
B. The total momentum after the collision is less than the total momentum before the collision.
C. The total momentum after the collision is the same as the total momentum before the collision.
D. The total momentum after the collision is more than the total momentum before the collision.

3. As part of an experiment on momentum, a billiard ball with a mass of 0.180 kg travels 1.5 m in 0.5 s. What is the momentum of the ball?
A. 0.06 kg*m/s
B. 0.81 kg*m/s
C. 0.14 kg*m/s
D. 0.54 kg*m/s

4. Two students perform an experiment with soccer balls. They kick two soccer balls so that they collide. They measure the total momentum of the two soccer balls before and after the collision.

Which statement explains why the total momentum of the soccer balls before and after the collision may not be the same?
A. The soccer balls each have a different momentum after the collision than before the collision.
B.The system has external forces, such as friction and air resistance, acting on it.
C. The soccer balls exert forces on each other when they collide.
D. The system does not have any external forces.

5. Two students in bumper cars want to prove conservation of momentum. They collide their bumper cars. The first bumper car has a mass of 120 kg and was moving with a velocity of 4 m/s before the collision and with a velocity of −2 m/s after the collision. The second bumper car has a mass of 90 kg and was moving at a velocity of −5 m/s before the collision.

To prove conservation of momentum, what must be the velocity of the second bumper car after the collision?
A. 3.0 m/s
B. 2.3 m/s
C. 2.7 m/s
D. 1.0 m/s

1. Mass and velocity

2. the total momentum after the collision is the same as the total momentum before the collision

3. 0.54 kg* m/s

4. the system has external forces, such as friction and air resistance, acting on it

5. 3.0 m/s

Rose is 100% correct

1. B. Mass and velocity. That way, they can figure out if they gained weight after the collision.

2. C. The total momentum after the collision is the same as the total momentum before the collision, just like my enthusiasm after a cup of coffee remains the same throughout the day.

3. B. 0.81 kg*m/s. That's some impressive momentum for a little billiard ball! It must have been training with the big leagues.

4. C. The soccer balls exert forces on each other when they collide, just like when two clowns collide while running for the same whoopee cushion. It's bound to mess up their momentum.

5. B. 2.3 m/s. That's the kind of speed that would make their bumper cars the talk of the bumper car community. It's all about keeping that momentum in check!

1. Before the collision, the quantities that should be measured are mass and velocity. After the collision, the same quantities should be measured again to compare the values.

2. In a closed system with no external forces, the total momentum of the system before the collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision. Therefore, the answer is C. The total momentum after the collision is the same as the total momentum before the collision.

3. To calculate the momentum of the ball, we use the formula: momentum = mass x velocity. Plugging in the given values, we get: momentum = 0.180 kg x (1.5 m / 0.5 s) = 0.180 kg x 3 m/s = 0.54 kg*m/s. Therefore, the momentum of the ball is D. 0.54 kg*m/s.

4. The correct answer is B. The system has external forces, such as friction and air resistance, acting on it. These external forces can cause changes in the total momentum of the system.

5. To prove conservation of momentum, the total momentum before the collision must be equal to the total momentum after the collision. The momentum of the first bumper car before the collision is given by: (mass of first car) x (velocity of first car before). The momentum of the second bumper car before the collision is given by: (mass of second car) x (velocity of second car before). In order for the total momentum before and after the collision to be equal, we can use the equation: (mass of first car) x (velocity of first car before) + (mass of second car) x (velocity of second car before) = (mass of first car) x (velocity of first car after) + (mass of second car) x (velocity of second car after). Plugging in the given values, we have: (120 kg x 4 m/s) + (90 kg x -5 m/s) = (120 kg) x (velocity of first car after) + (90 kg) x (velocity of second car after). Solving for the velocity of the second bumper car after the collision, we get: velocity of second car after = [(120 kg x 4 m/s) + (90 kg x -5 m/s) - (120 kg) x (velocity of first car after)] / (90 kg). Plugging in the given values, we have: velocity of second car after = [(480 kg*m/s) + (-450 kg*m/s) - (120 kg) x (velocity of first car after)] / (90 kg) = (30 kg*m/s - 120 kg x (velocity of first car after)) / 90 kg. We can solve for velocity of the second car after the collision by plugging in the given values, which gives us: velocity of second car after = (30 kg*m/s - 120 kg x (-2 m/s)) / 90 kg = 2.7 m/s. Therefore, the answer is C. 2.7 m/s.

1. The correct answer is B. Mass and velocity should be measured before and after the collision. Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object, while velocity is the speed of an object in a particular direction. Both of these quantities are necessary to calculate the momentum of an object.

2. The correct answer is C. The total momentum of the system before the collision is the same as the total momentum after the collision. Conservation of momentum states that in a closed system, the total momentum remains constant as long as there are no external forces acting on it.

3. To calculate the momentum of the ball, we need to use the formula: momentum = mass × velocity.
Given:
Mass (m) = 0.180 kg
Velocity (v) = distance/time = 1.5 m / 0.5 s = 3 m/s
Momentum = 0.180 kg × 3 m/s = 0.54 kg*m/s
Therefore, the correct answer is D. 0.54 kg*m/s.

4. The correct answer is B. The system has external forces, such as friction and air resistance, acting on it. In real-world scenarios, objects can experience external forces that can change their momentum. Friction and air resistance are examples of such external forces that can affect the momentum of the system.

5. To prove conservation of momentum, we need to calculate the velocity of the second bumper car after the collision. We can use the principle of conservation of momentum, which states that the total momentum before the collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision.

Given:
Mass of the first bumper car (m1) = 120 kg
Initial velocity of the first bumper car (v1i) = 4 m/s
Final velocity of the first bumper car (v1f) = -2 m/s
Mass of the second bumper car (m2) = 90 kg
Initial velocity of the second bumper car (v2i) = -5 m/s

Using the conservation of momentum formula:
(m1 × v1i) + (m2 × v2i) = (m1 × v1f) + (m2 × v2f)

Substituting the values:
(120 kg × 4 m/s) + (90 kg × -5 m/s) = (120 kg × -2 m/s) + (90 kg × v2f)

Simplifying the equation:
480 kg*m/s - 450 kg*m/s = -240 kg*m/s + 90 kg × v2f
30 kg*m/s = -240 kg*m/s + 90 kg × v2f
270 kg*m/s = 90 kg × v2f
v2f = 270 kg*m/s / 90 kg
v2f = 3 m/s

Therefore, the correct answer is A. 3.0 m/s.