Identify the verbal phrases . Then, tell whether each verbal phrase is a participial phrase, a gerund phrase, or an infinitive phrase.
1. Intensive training is required for pilots.
2. Traveling the airways has become much easier
because of modern technology.
3. Fortunately, in the flight deck sit people trained in the uses of these controls and instruments.
4. Sitting in front of identical control panels, both the captain and the first officer can fly the plane.
5. The captain, who uses the left-hand panel, operates a lever that controls the wing flaps and helps steer the plane.
6. Operating the brake panels is another one of the captain’s jobs.
7. To the captain’s right is the first officer, whose job is to help the captain.
8. The throttle, which governs the engines’ ability to move the
plane forward, is located between the captain and the first officer.
9. Some of the other instruments shown here are parts of the
plane’s navigation, autopilot, and communication systems.
10. At another station in the flight deck, the flight engineer monitors gauges and operates switches to control the plane’s generators and the pressure and temperature in the cabin.
1. intensive training-gerund
2. traveling the airways-gerund
3. trained in the uses of the controls-participial phrase
4. sitting in front of identical control panels-participial phrase
5. who uses the left-hand panel-participial
6. operating the brake panel-gerund
7. to the captain's right-infinitive phrase
8. to move the plane forward-infinitive phrase
9. Some of the other instruments-participial phrase
10. to control the plane’s generators-infinitive phrase
yes -- 1. intensive training-gerund
yes -- 2. traveling the airways-gerund
almost; participial phrase is incomplete --3. trained in the uses of the controls-participial phrase
yes -- 4. sitting in front of identical control panels-participial phrase
** --5. who uses the left-hand panel-participial
yes -- 6. operating the brake panels-gerund
no -- 7. to the captain's right-infinitive phrase ["to" needs to be followed by a VERB to be an infinitive, such as to read, to walk, to work ... ]
yes -- 8. to move the plane forward-infinitive phrase
no -- 9. Some of the other instruments-participial phrase [participial phrases normally begin with a verb form, a participle such as finding or drove]
almost; infinitive phrase is incomplete -- 10. to control the plane’s generators-infinitive phrase
**None of the three elements are here; "who ... panel" = relative clause, not participial
the pilots show kaitlyn price the plane's controls
1. intensive training - gerund phrase
2. traveling the airways - gerund phrase
3. trained in the uses of the controls - participial phrase
4. sitting in front of identical control panels - participial phrase
5. who uses the left-hand panel - participial phrase
6. operating the brake panel - gerund phrase
7. to the captain's right - infinitive phrase
8. to move the plane forward - infinitive phrase
9. Some of the other instruments - participial phrase
10. to control the plane’s generators - infinitive phrase
1. Intensive training - gerund phrase
2. Traveling the airways - gerund phrase
3. Trained in the uses of the controls - participial phrase
4. Sitting in front of identical control panels - participial phrase
5. Who uses the left-hand panel - participial phrase
6. Operating the brake panel - gerund phrase
7. To the captain's right - infinitive phrase
8. To move the plane forward - infinitive phrase
9. Some of the other instruments - participial phrase
10. To control the plane's generators - infinitive phrase