b. The pH level of a solution describes its acidity. The pH of a substance is defined by the equation: pH = -log(h^+)

where H^+ is the hydrogen ion concentration in moles per liter.

If the pH of carbonated soda is 3, what is H^+

-log(H+) = 3

log(H+) = -3
[H+] = 10^-3

To find the hydrogen ion concentration (H^+) in moles per liter, you need to rearrange the equation:

pH = -log(H^+)

First, let's solve for -log(H^+):

-log(H^+) = pH

Now, substitute the given pH value of carbonated soda, which is 3:

-log(H^+) = 3

To isolate H^+, you can exponentiate both sides of the equation with base 10:

10^(-log(H^+)) = 10^3

Since the exponential function and the logarithmic function are inverse operations, the left side simplifies to H^+:

H^+ = 10^3

Calculating 10^3, we find:

H^+ = 1000

Therefore, the hydrogen ion concentration (H^+) in carbonated soda is 1000 moles per liter.