1. Compare and contrast Northern and Southern populations, industries, resources and goals in the Civil War. In your response, break down the advantages and disadvantages of both the North and the South by evaluating the each side’s population, industry, resources, and goals for the Civil War.

2. How did the 1860 election lead to the breakup of the Union? In your response, identify the winner of the election and the winner’s goals for the United States. Describe how those goals were interpreted by the South. Why did secession lead to the Civil War?

3. Using Abraham Lincoln’s quotation below, explain President Lincoln’s goal in fighting the Civil War. Explain the purpose of the Emancipation Proclamation and when it was written. Analyze why Lincoln did NOT free all enslaved African-Americans. “If I could save the Union without freeing any slave, I would do it; and if I could save it by freeing all the slaves, I would do it; and if I could do it by freeing some and leaving others alone, I would also do that. “ --Abraham Lincoln, August 22, 1862, quoted in Carl Sandburg, Abraham Lincoln.

4. Use the chart below or the original to answer the following question. What was life like in the United States after the enormous loss of life and expenses of the war? Based on the information about the human costs of the war, which side had more casualties during the war? Why do you think that is? What were the political costs to South after losing the war? Why do you think that is? Compare the monetary costs of both the north and the South and determine which side had more monetary costs in the war. Why do you think that is?

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Nah, I'm not doing your work for you my G.

1. To compare and contrast the Northern and Southern populations, industries, resources, and goals in the Civil War, you can start by gathering information on each side.

- Population: The Northern states had a larger population than the Southern states. The North had more people available for recruitment into the military and for the workforce, giving them an advantage in terms of manpower.
- Industry: The North had a more industrialized economy, with factories and manufacturing industries. They had a greater capacity to produce weapons, ammunition, and other supplies necessary for war. The South, on the other hand, relied heavily on agriculture, particularly the plantation system with a focus on cotton. Their industrial base was significantly smaller, which limited their ability to produce goods needed for the war effort.
- Resources: The North had better access to natural resources such as coal, iron, and other raw materials. This provided them with a significant advantage in terms of industrial production and military capabilities. The South had fertile land for agriculture, but their lack of industrial capacity meant they had to rely on imports for many essential goods.
- Goals: The North's main goal was to preserve the Union and prevent the secession of the Southern states. They aimed to bring the Confederate states back into the United States. The South's primary goal was to maintain their independence and establish the Confederate States of America as a separate nation.

Advantages of the North:
- Larger population for military and workforce.
- More industrialized economy and manufacturing capabilities.
- Access to abundant natural resources.
- Clear goal of preserving the Union.

Disadvantages of the North:
- Geographic challenges of fighting in unfamiliar territories.
- Higher casualty rates due to a larger army and more extensive engagement.

Advantages of the South:
- Defensive advantage of fighting on familiar territory.
- Strong military leadership.
- Motivated and determined soldiers fighting for their independence.

Disadvantages of the South:
- Smaller population, leading to limitations in recruitment and manpower.
- Lack of industrial capacity and reliance on imports for supplies.
- Fragmented goals among the Confederate states.

2. The 1860 election played a significant role in the breakup of the Union. The winner of this election was Abraham Lincoln, a Republican candidate. Lincoln's primary goal was to preserve the Union and prevent the expansion of slavery into new territories. He held the view that the United States could not survive as a permanently divided nation.

This interpretation of Lincoln's goals was met with opposition from the Southern states. Many Southern states believed that Lincoln's election threatened their institution of slavery, which they saw as essential to their economy and way of life. They feared that Lincoln's anti-slavery stance would lead to the eventual abolition of slavery altogether.

As a response to Lincoln's election and their fear of losing their "peculiar institution" of slavery, several Southern states began seceding from the Union. They argued that states had the right to leave the Union and form their own government.

This secession eventually led to the Civil War because the Northern states, led by President Lincoln, were determined to preserve the Union and prevent the secession of the Southern states.

3. President Lincoln's goal in fighting the Civil War, as expressed in the quotation, was to save and preserve the Union. His main objective was to maintain the integrity of the United States as a single, unified country. Lincoln prioritized the preservation of the Union above the issue of slavery.

The purpose of the Emancipation Proclamation, which was issued on January 1, 1863, was to declare that all slaves in Confederate territory were to be set free. This proclamation was intended to weaken the economy and infrastructure of the South by depriving them of their labor force.

However, it is essential to note that the Emancipation Proclamation did not free all enslaved African-Americans. It only applied to slaves in Confederate territory that were still under Confederate control. Areas of the Confederacy that had come under Northern control, such as Tennessee and parts of Louisiana, were exempt from the proclamation. Additionally, the proclamation did not apply to the border states that remained loyal to the Union, such as Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri.

Lincoln's decision to not free all slaves can be attributed to several reasons. Firstly, the proclamation was a military measure rather than a moral one. Its goal was to weaken the Southern economy and military effort by targeting their labor force, rather than solely aiming to abolish slavery. Secondly, Lincoln faced political constraints, as he sought to maintain the support of the border states that still allowed slavery. Finally, Lincoln was cautious about pushing the issue of slavery too far and risking opposition within the Union, as there were many who were not yet ready for complete abolition.

4. To understand the impact of the Civil War on the United States after the enormous loss of life and expenses, you can refer to the provided chart or other sources that highlight the human costs, casualties, and monetary expenditures.

- Human costs: The chart or sources will show the number of casualties suffered by each side during the war. Analyzing this information will demonstrate which side had more casualties. It is important to consider factors such as population size, military strategy, and the intensity of battles when determining the reasons behind the varying casualty rates.

- Political costs to the South: The South faced severe political consequences after losing the war. The Confederate government ceased to exist, and the Southern states that had seceded were brought back into the Union under military rule. Reconstruction policies aimed to reshape the political landscape of the South, leading to significant changes in governance and civil rights.

- Monetary costs: Comparing the monetary costs borne by the North and the South during the war will also provide insights into which side had higher expenses. The North had a more industrialized economy and a larger tax base, which potentially allowed for greater monetary resources to fund the war effort. However, the South experienced devastating economic consequences due to the destruction of infrastructure, loss of labor, and long-term impacts on the agricultural sector.

As for why one side may have had more casualties, political costs, or monetary costs, various factors can contribute to these differences. Some possible factors include population size, industrial capacity, military strategy and leadership, geographical advantages or disadvantages, and the intensity and duration of the conflict.