I need help naming these structures.. I get very confused when there are parentheses with a subscript so can I get an explanation on how to interpret them? Anything helps!
1. (CH3CH2CH2CH2)2C=CHCH3
2. (CH3)2C=CHCH2CH2CH2CH=C(CH3)2
The first one has 7 carbons as the longest chain. When parentheses confuse you just draw the stucture out on a piece of paper and you can easily find the longest chain. There is a double bond at carbon 2 so it is a 2-heptene and a butyl group on carbon 3 and methyl group on carbon 2.I would name it as
3-butyl-2-methyl-2-heptene.
The second one is a diene since it has two double bonds at carbon 2 and carbon 7 so it is a 2,7-nonadiene. It has two methyl groups at carbon 2 and 8 so I would name it as
2,8-dimethyl-2,7-nonadiene. The longest chain conaining the two double bonds is 9.
You would do well to google nomenclature of organic compounds or put the formula of either (or both) into google and see how it's done. I'm not an organic chemistry but this is how I would name them. I tried to give you a link but the board won't let me do that. Check my work, especially the numbers I used.
Thanks for your response and writing it out definitely helped a lot.
Would counting the number of C atoms present in the structure give the name of the structure (butane, pentane, etc.) or am I missing something?
I'd be happy to help clarify the naming of these structures! The structures you provided contain parentheses with subscripts, which are used to indicate repeating units or substituents within a molecule.
1. (CH3CH2CH2CH2)2C=CHCH3:
To interpret this structure, let's break it down into parts. The main chain is represented by the "C" at the center, indicating a carbon atom. The attached group within the parentheses "(CH3CH2CH2CH2)" indicates a repeating unit. In this case, there are two repeating units. Therefore, the structure can be represented as (CH3CH2CH2CH2)2C=CHCH3. To name it, we start by identifying the longest carbon chain, which in this case is the main chain containing six carbon atoms. It is a hexane chain, and we indicate this by the prefix "hex-" in the name.
Next, we identify the functional group attached to the main chain, which is "C=CHCH3." This is an alkene group, containing a double bond between the two carbon atoms. After identifying the longest chain and the functional group, we need to specify the positions of the substituents. In this case, we have two repeating units of the "CH2CH2CH2CH2" group attached to the second carbon atom of the main chain. Therefore, the complete name for this structure is 2,2-dimethylhex-2-ene.
2. (CH3)2C=CHCH2CH2CH2CH=C(CH3)2:
Similarly, we can break down this structure into smaller units to interpret it. The "C" in the center represents the main carbon chain. The group within the first parentheses "(CH3)2" indicates two methyl (CH3) substituents attached to the main carbon atom. Next, we have "=CH" indicating a double bond with a terminal alkene group. After that, we have "CH2CH2CH2CH2" representing a chain of four carbon atoms.
Following that, we encounter "=C", which indicates another double bond. Finally, we have "(CH3)2" indicating two more methyl substituents attached to the terminal carbon atom. To name this structure, we begin with the main chain, which consists of seven carbon atoms. It is a heptane chain (prefix "hept-").
Next, we identify the functional groups, which in this case are two alkene groups indicated by the double bonds (=). After naming the main chain and functional groups, we specify the positions of the substituents. We have two methyl groups attached to the second carbon atom of the main chain and two more methyl groups attached to the last carbon atom of the main chain. Therefore, the complete name for this structure is 2,6-dimethylhept-2,5-diene.
Understanding the rules for naming organic compounds and being able to interpret the structures will allow you to name various organic molecules accurately.