I have a science project on Dystonia. I have to explain how Dystonia changes normal muscle function, but I can't seem to find anything online. Any help with this question is greatly appreciated!

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To understand how Dystonia changes normal muscle function, it's important to first grasp a basic understanding of how muscles normally work.

Muscle contractions are controlled by signals from the brain, which are transmitted through the nervous system. Normally, there is a delicate balance between opposing muscle groups, allowing for smooth and coordinated movements. This balance is maintained by the fine-tuning of signals from the brain and the feedback received from sensory receptors in the muscles.

In Dystonia, there is a disruption in this balance, leading to involuntary muscle contractions and abnormal postures. The exact cause of Dystonia is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurological factors.

To explain how Dystonia changes normal muscle function, you could consider the following points:

1. Involuntary Muscle Contractions: Dystonia causes sustained muscle contractions that are often repetitive and twisting in nature. These contractions can impact a single muscle or a group of muscles, resulting in abnormal movements and postures.

2. Lack of Coordination: The disrupted balance between opposing muscle groups in Dystonia can lead to a lack of coordination. This can interfere with everyday activities such as walking, writing, or even speaking.

3. Tremors and Spasms: Dystonic muscle contractions may cause tremors and spasms, making it difficult for individuals to control their movements and maintain stability. These uncontrollable movements can further contribute to a loss of normal muscle function.

4. Muscular Fatigue: The ongoing and sustained muscle contractions in Dystonia can lead to muscular fatigue. Over time, this fatigue can cause muscle weakness and reduced function, making it even more challenging for individuals with Dystonia to perform simple tasks.

When researching or studying Dystonia, it's important to consult reliable sources such as medical journals, reputable websites (e.g., Mayo Clinic, National Institutes of Health), or even reach out to medical professionals specializing in movement disorders. They would have the most up-to-date and accurate information on the topic.