you have 100 ml of water in a beaker.you add 20 ml of table salt.the water level rises to only 105 ml.
the salt dissolved, fitting in between the water molecules.
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The increase in volume when the salt is added to the water is due to a phenomenon called solubility. When a solid substance, such as table salt (sodium chloride), is added to a liquid, it dissolves, forming a solution. In this case, the salt dissolved in water, resulting in an increase in volume.
To understand why the increase in volume is only 5 ml instead of 20 ml, we need to consider the concept of water density. The density of water is approximately 1 gram per milliliter (g/ml), which means that 1 ml of water has a mass of 1 gram.
When the salt dissolves in the water, it occupies space in the form of solute particles dispersed throughout the liquid. These dissolved particles increase the mass of the solution without significantly affecting the volume. Table salt has a density of approximately 2.16 g/ml, which means that 20 ml of salt would weigh 20 * 2.16 = 43.2 grams.
As a result, when you add 20 ml of table salt to the 100 ml of water in the beaker, the total mass of the solution increases by 43.2 grams. Since the density of water is 1 g/ml, this increase in mass corresponds to an increase in volume of 43.2 ml.
However, the actual observed increase in volume is only 5 ml. This discrepancy can be attributed to various factors, such as the density of the salt solution slightly deviating from 2.16 g/ml or any air bubbles trapped in the beaker, which can affect the accuracy of the volume measurement.
In summary, when you add 20 ml of table salt to 100 ml of water, the water level in the beaker rises to only 105 ml due to the solubility of the salt in water and the resulting increase in mass and volume of the solution.