According to Psychologist Michael Tirrell (1990), “My first girlfriend loved onions, so I came to associate onion breath with kissing. Before long, onion breath sent tingles up and down my spine! Oh, what a feeling!” Which of the following is the conditioned response?
What following??
Even without the following, it tingles.
More info:
In classical conditioning, the unconditoned stimulus (US) is one which reflexively causes a response. One example is putting something into your mouth causes salivation. In this case the unconditioned response (UR) is the response to a US presented alone, the salivation.
A conditioned stimulus (CS) originally has little or no effect. Only when the CS is repeatedly paired with a US (or previously learned CS) will it become a CS. A good example is the sound of a cellophane wrapper being opened. Originally it has little or no effect. However, after being repeatedly paired with eating candy or other foods, it alone will produce the conditioned response. The conditioned response (CR) is one given to the CS when presented alone.
To determine the conditioned response in this scenario, we need to identify the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus first.
The conditioned stimulus (CS) is the stimulus that is initially neutral and does not elicit a specific response. In this case, it would be the onion breath because it is associated with the initial neutral stimulus, which is the act of kissing.
The unconditioned stimulus (US) is the stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers an unconditioned response (UR). In this case, it is the feeling of love and affection from his first girlfriend.
Given this information, we can say that the conditioned response (CR) is the feeling of tingles up and down his spine that is associated with the onion breath. The conditioned response is the learned or acquired response that is elicited by the conditioned stimulus alone after the conditioning process.