Explain the phenomenon of lightning by electrostatic induction. Why is it dangerous to hold sharp metal object while lightning is talking place
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When lightning occurs, it is the result of a buildup of electrical charge in the atmosphere. This buildup is caused by a separation of positive and negative charges within clouds. The negatively charged base of the cloud induces a positive charge on the surface of the Earth below, through a process called electrostatic induction.
Electrostatic induction happens when a charged object is brought near a conductive material (like the Earth's surface). The charges in the conductive material redistribute, with the positive charges moving closer to the negatively charged object and the negative charges moving farther away. This redistribution of charges creates an imbalance of charges, known as an induced charge.
Now, let's consider why it is dangerous to hold a sharp metal object during a lightning strike.
When a lightning strike occurs, it follows a path of least resistance. The sharp metal object can provide a pathway of lower resistance for the lightning to reach the ground. Its pointed shape allows for a concentrated electric field, further attracting the lightning towards itself.
If a person is holding a sharp metal object during a lightning strike, the lightning can potentially travel through the object and cause harm. The high electric current associated with lightning can easily pass through the human body, leading to severe injuries or even death.
It's important to note that during a lightning storm, it's best to stay indoors and avoid contact with any metal objects, especially sharp ones. This is because metal is a good conductor of electricity and can provide a pathway for the lightning to strike. It's always better to prioritize personal safety and take necessary precautions to avoid unnecessary risks during a lightning event.